Microbiota of the wild blue sheep (Pseudois nayaur) presents a seasonal variation due to different dietary selection and feeding strategies from different ecological niches chosen by different sex in summer. To address those issues, we analyzed the variation of gut microbiota based on the material from the feces, with 16S rRNA and meta-genome aimed to explore seasonal and gender differences. The results indicate that seasonal dietary changes and gender differentiation, as expected, cause the variation in sheep's gut microbiota structure. The variation of the former is more significant than the latter. Dominant Firmicutes exists a significantly higher abundance in summer than that in winter. Subordinate Bacteroides expresses no seasonal difference between the two seasons. Compared with the winter group, the summer group is featured by abundant enzymes digesting cellulose and generating short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as beta-glucosidase (EC: 3.2.1.21) for cellulose digestion, and butyrate kinase (EC:2.7.2.7) in butyrate metabolism, implying that the changes of the composition in intestinal flora allow the sheep to adapt to the seasonalized dietary selection through alternated microbial functions to reach the goal of facilitating the efficiency of energy harvesting. The results also show that the blue sheep expresses a prominent sexual dimorphism in the components of gut microbiota, indicating that the two sexes have different adaptations to the dietary selection, and demands for physical and psychological purposes. Thus, this study provides an example of demonstrating the principles and regulations of natural selection and environmental adaptation.

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A water ecosystem is a dynamic balance system with a certain structure and function, which is composed of aquatic organism community and water environment interaction and mutual restriction through material circulation and energy flow. Living in an urban environment for a long time can make people suffer from ‘urban disease’, which can seriously affect their physical and mental health. Forest rehabilitation is a new form of outdoor activity in many countries, which has been gradually promoted by society in recent years. Many studies have confirmed that forest environments have positive impacts on the human body and mind, so forest healthcare and treatment are crucial to the prevention and treatment of ‘urban diseases’. This study is based on artificial intelligence (AI) to carry out the planning and design of the forest health base. According to sensory design theories including air factor, somatosensory factor, and audiovisual factor, this paper proposed different landscape configuration methods to enhance health and well-being. Finally, it was found that in the planning and design of the health base, when the human comfort index is greater than 85 and less than 20, it is very uncomfortable for the human body.