The target localisation problem is considered using the bistatic range measurement in multistatic passive radar. The well-known two-step weighted least-squares algorithm is widely used to locate a single target, in which the nuisance variables are normally introduced in the first step. Whereas the nuisance variables can be categorised as either target-transmitter ranges based or target-receiver ranges based. The influence of nuisance variables selection on target positioning accuracy is investigated in this Letter. Some basic criteria on choosing nuisance variables are presented and validated through simulations.

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The target localisation problem is considered by the use of hybrid bistatic range (BR) and time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements in multistatic localisation system. The BR and TDOA define an ellipse and a hyperbola, respectively, and the target resides on the intersections of several such quadratic curves. An efficient closedform solution to this non-linear estimation problem is developed by employing two-step weighted least squares minimisations. Simulation results show that the proposed method can reach the Cramer-Rao lower bound accuracy for small Gaussian measurement noise. A real experiment is presented to validate the performance of the proposed estimator in an acoustic array system.

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