Nitrile rubber (NBR) is commonly used as a stator rubber for screw pumps because of its excellent mechanical properties. However, under high‐temperature conditions, using NBR for long‐term operations is difficult, since it is highly susceptible to a thermal‐oxidative aging phenomenon that leads to its failure. In this study, the thermal‐oxidative aging behavior of graphene and graphene oxide (GO) in an NBR composite system was investigated using simulated molecular dynamics at 298 K and 348 K. The results showed that Young's moduli of graphene/NBR and GO/NBR composite systems were enhanced by about 33% and 44%, respectively, when the temperature was increased. That is, adding graphene and GO improved the resistance of NBR composites to elastic, bulk, and shear deformation, playing an important role in slowing down the thermal and oxygen aging of rubber. Furthermore, the binding energy, mean square displacement, and free volume fraction of the NBR composite systems were analyzed. The abundant oxygen‐containing functional groups in GO increased the intermolecular interaction force between GO and NBR and effectively inhibited the migration of antioxidants 4020. Therefore, GO retards the thermal and oxygen aging of NBR composite systems more effectively.

Antireflective and self-cleaning coatings have attracted increasing attention in the last few years due to their promising and wider applications such as stealth, display devices, sensing, and other fields. However, existing antireflective and self-cleaning functional material are facing problems such as difficult performance optimization, poor mechanical stability, and poor environmental adaptability. Limitations in design strategies have severely restricted coatings’ further development and application. Fabrication of high-performance antireflection and self-cleaning coatings with satisfactory mechanical stability remain a key challenge. Inspired by the self-cleaning performance of nano-/micro-composite structure on natural lotus leaves, SiO2/PDMS/matte polyurethane biomimetic composite coating (BCC) was prepared by nano-polymerization spraying technology. The BCC reduced the average reflectivity of the aluminum alloy substrate surface from 60% to 10%, and the water contact angle (CA) was 156.32 ± 0.58°, illustrating the antireflective and self-cleaning performance of the surface was significantly improved. At the same time, the coating was able to withstand 44 abrasion tests, 230 tape stripping tests, and 210 scraping tests. After the test, the coating still showed satisfactory antireflective and self-cleaning properties, indicating its remarkable mechanical stability. In addition, the coating also displayed excellent acid resistance, which has important value in aerospace, optoelectronics, industrial anti-corrosion, etc.