Stroke merupakan penyebab kematian dan disabilitas tertinggi di Indonesia. Stroke juga penyebab disabilitas jangka panjang tertinggi di dunia. Stroke Iskemik mencakup 85% dari seluruh jenis stroke. Stroke iskemik disebabkan oleh adanya sumbatan pembuluh darah akibat tromboemboli atau penyempitan akibat aterosklerosis. Stroke iskemik merupakan penyakit yang dapat disembuhkan. Pengobatan dengan trombolitik intravena (IV-tPA) dan trombektomi mekanik dapat memperbaiki luaran pasien stroke iskemik akut bila dilakukan pada periode emas, yaitu kurang dari 4,5 jam sejak onset gejala untuk IV-tPA dan <6-24 jam untuk trombektomi mekanik. Akan tetapi, hanya sebagian kecil pasien yang dapat memenuhi periode tersebut. Di Indonesia, keterlambatan ini disebabkan oleh kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai gejala stroke, masalah transportasi, dan sistem penanganan stroke yang belum terintegrasi. Setiap satu menit penanganan stroke yang terlambat, terjadi kematian 1,9 juta neuron di otak. Sistem yang baik dalam menangani stroke dapat meningkatkan luaran pasien serta menurunkan lama rawat dan biaya perawatan pasien ke depannya. Salah satu pendekatan penanganan stroke adalah dengan sistem 8D yang terdiri dari detection, dispatch, delivery, door, data, decision, drug/device, dan disposition. Sistem ini membantu penanganan stroke secara multidisiplin dan komprehensif dengan pembagian tugas yang jelas. Sehingga pasien mendapat penanganan yang tepat dan diharapkan memiliki luaran yang baik.
Background: Mechanical thrombectomy is the recommended therapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) caused by large vessels occlusion within 6-24 hours since onset. However, previous trials about endovascular treatment for AIS only separated the population into <80 years-old and ≥80 years-old groups. Patients greater than 80 years old were found to be associated with poorer clinical outcome and increased mortality. However, in this study we reported a case of revascularization in nonagenarian (>90 years old) with acute ischemic stroke. Case Presentation: A 93-years-old man with chief complaint of sudden weakness of his left side extremities, slurred speech, and facial palsy since 3.5 hours before admission. In the ER, GCS was E4M6V5 with paresis of 7 th and 12 th left cranial nerve, and left lateralization of motoric strength. NIHSS score was 12 and code stroke was activated. CT scan showed large vessel occlusion in the right MCA. IV thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy was performed using stent retriever. Three clots were successfully removed and TICI 3 was achieved. Conclusion: Successful reperfusion in elderly and nonagenarian patients was ranging from 56-78% in several studies. Lower NIHSS at baseline, shorter delay between onset and reperfusion, high ASPECT score on initial brain imaging, and first-pass effect are good predictors of mechanical thrombectomy. Several complications including ICH could happen in 28% of cases but only 4-7% patients have symptoms.
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