Shale, a fine-grained sedimentary rock, is the key source rock for many of the world's most important oil and natural gas deposits. A deep understanding of the mechanical properties of shale is of vital importance in various geotechnical applications, including oil and gas exploitation. In this work, deformability, strength, and fracturing properties of Marcellus shale were investigated through an experimental study. Firstly, uniaxial compression, direct tension, and Brazilian tests were performed on the Marcellus shale specimens in various bedding plane orientations with respect to loading directions to measure the static mechanical properties and their anisotropy. Furthermore, the deformability of Marcellus shale was also studied through seismic velocity measurements for comparison with the static measurements. The experimental results revealed that the transversely isotropic model is applicable for describing the elastic behaviors of Marcellus shale in pure tension and compression. The elastic properties measured from these two experiments, however, were not exactly the same. Strength results showed that differences exist between splitting (Brazilian) and direct tensile strengths, both of which varied with bedding plane orientations and loading directions and were associated with different failure modes. Finally, a series of threepoint-bending tests were conducted on specimens of increasing size in three different principal notch orientations to investigate the fracture properties of the material. It was found that there exists a significant size effect on the fracture properties calculated from the measured peak loads and by using the Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) theory. The fracture properties can be uniquely identified, however, by using Bažant's Size Effect Law and they were found to be anisotropic.

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In recent years, the rapid development of GIS, remote sensing, big data and other spatial information technologies have provided a huge driving force for the information construction and development of many industries. As an important branch of transportation field, inland water transportation also has great development opportunities in information construction. Since the second National Inland Waterway Census, great changes have taken place in the current situation of China’s inland waterway. It is urgent to carry out a new round of National Inland Waterway Census and comprehensively find out the current situation of China’s inland waterway. This paper comprehensively discusses the current situation of the application of spatial information technology in the general census of resources in typical industries. This paper also summarizes the basic situation of Inland Waterway Census in China, and analyzes the key and difficult points of the application of spatial information technology in Waterway Census data acquisition, working base map compilation, application achievement display and so on. It initially puts forward the technical scheme of channel resources census based on information means and online system. Compared with the traditional offline census, the technical scheme proposed in this study has achieved a breakthrough in improving the efficiency of census and ensuring the quality of census results. The research can provide technical reserves and experience for the general survey of channel resources for the whole country and all the provinces.