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Deep mining near faults may easily cause rock bursts, which seriously threaten mining safety. Based on the engineering background of deep mining near fault in Yima coalfield, by collecting the rock burst events that happened near fault during deep mining, the correlation between fault structure and time-space features of rock burst was analyzed. The results show that the deep rock burst accounts for 84% in Yima coalfield at 600 m and 93% in the mining area within 1000 m from F16 fault. The risk of rock burst is positively correlated with mining depth and negatively correlated with the distance between mining area and F16 fault, and the frequency and intensity of rock burst near F16 fault increase significantly. Rock burst occurs in high stress concentration area, mainly in roadway, releasing energy level of 1.1 × 104 J–3.5 × 108 J, with impact damage range of 60–500 m. The mechanism of rock burst was explained from the view of the distribution of mining stress in surrounding rock. The stress of coal seam in deep mining near fault increases, and the disturbance effect of fault is obvious. Rock burst is easy to be induced under static and dynamic loads. The occurrence and mechanical characteristics of fault have different effects on rock burst and should be considered when evaluating the risk of rock burst.

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Superhigh‐water backfill mining can mitigate rockburst risks in rockburst‐prone deep coal mines and reduce pollution caused by traditional cemented paste backfill. In this mining method, the width of the rib pillar between two longwall panels is important to maintain roadway stability, prevent rockbursts and water seepage. To design the width of rib pillars, this study firstly established a T‐shaped overlying strata structure model and analyzed source of stress that caused deformation of the T‐shaped model. Based on this model, the abutment stress in the rib pillar was determined. Then, the criterion for overall burst instability of the rib pillar was proposed according to the derived abutment stress. The limit equilibrium theory was applied to obtain the pillar plasticity which can be used as the criterion for water‐seepage prevention. The proposed approach was used to design the width of a rib pillar in Yineng Coalmine located in Shandong Province, China. The analysis of the microseismic monitoring results and borehole drill cuttings show that the designed rib pillar with a width of 10 m was stable without water seepage during mining, indicating the width design method proposed in this study is effective.