In this study, we prepared polyaniline-intercalated iron oxychloride (FeOCl-PANI) by aqueous intercalation method to use it as a Fenton-like catalyst that was then assessed in terms of behavior of intercalation, structural evolution, Fenton-like activity, and catalytic mechanism. Gel-permeation chromatography demonstrated that the molecular weight (polymerization extent) of polyaniline fragment gradually increased with the increase of intercalation time. Interestingly, the polyaniline-intercalated materials with varying intercalation times exhibited distinctly different Fenton-like activity trends under acidic (pH 4) and neutral (pH 7) conditions. Specifically, Fenton-like degradation is favored with a shorter intercalation time under acidic conditions, while it is preferred with a longer intercalation time under neutral pH values. We propose that an additional pH-dependent charging of FeOCl-PANI with different polymerization extents of the intercalated polyaniline promotes a switch in the contaminant degradation pathway, leading to opposite trends in observable activity at different pH values. As a class of typical layered metal chalcogenohalides (MeAX, A = O, S, Se, X = Cl, Br, I), FeOCl-PANI is expected to provide new insights into the development of other similar materials. This work could be useful to further understand the H2O2 heterogeneous activation behavior, which is of significance to the application of iron-based heterogeneous Fenton oxidation.

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