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The heat transfer in funnel mold during thin slab continuous casting is rather complex and sensitive that the flow and temperature of cooling water as well as the roughness of channel walls may have significant influences on it. Herein, a 3-D heat transfer model of funnel copper plates coupling with the flow of cooling water in the channels was developed with the consideration of the fluid-solid interaction. The results show that the interfacial heat flux between the copper plate and cooling water decreases significantly with the increase of distance from channel root, and the temperature distribution of mold lower part is more uneven than that of the upper part. According to the magnitude and distribution of mold temperature, structure of mold copper plates like fillet radius and depth of concave channel, length of circular channels in wide face and roughness of channel wall were optimized.

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The no-reflow phenomenon refers to a failure to restore normal cerebral microcirculation despite brain large artery recanalization after acute ischemic stroke, which was observed over 50 years ago. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Different mechanisms contributing to no-reflow extend across the endovascular, vascular wall, and extravascular factors. There are some clinical tools to evaluate cerebral microvascular hemodynamics and represent biomarkers of the no-reflow phenomenon. As substantial experimental and clinical data showed that clinical outcome was better correlated with reperfusion status rather than recanalization in patients with ischemic stroke, how to address the no-reflow phenomenon is critical. But effective treatments for restoring cerebral microcirculation have not been well established until now, so there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic perspectives to improve outcomes after recanalization therapies. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Here, we review the occurrence of the no-reflow phenomenon after ischemic stroke and discuss its impact, detection method, and therapeutic strategies on the course of ischemic stroke, from basic science to clinical findings.

<p><em>R. L. Stevenson’s novel Kidnapped takes Scottish Jacobite rebellions as its background and reflects resistance of Scottish people under British rule in the first half of the 18th century. Though within the same Scottish nation, the two heroes, Lowland boy David and Highland rebel Alan, have shown sharp contrasts in languages, political stands, moral standards and cultural values. Their contrasts reveal the binary opposition of Lowland and Highland cultures in the 18th century and can be explained by Fanon’s theory about language and culture differences within the same nation. In Kidnapped, the Lowland characters despise their own native culture, and regard the Highlanders who still keep traditional Scottish culture and language as “savage”. Therefore, they reject their own native culture and language, and have to completely depend on the English language and culture. The main goal of this article is to illustrate that learning a language also means taking up a culture, and it is essential to cultivate cultural awareness for English language teaching and culture teaching for foreign languages learners.</em></p>