A series of compounds featuring a novel bispiro[indanedione-oxindole-cyclopropane]
moiety have been synthesized through a squaramide-catalyzed [2+1]
cycloaddition reaction. The tandem Michael-alkylation reaction of
2-arylidene-1,3-indanediones with 3-bromooxindoles furnished the cycloadducts
in high yields with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities.
The ammonium ylide in the catalytic process, as a key intermediate,
was revealed by the high-resolution mass spectrometry study.
The first enantioselective formal (3 + 2) cyclocondensation involving α,β-unsaturated pyrazoleamides as 3-carbon partners was accomplished in a stepwise fashion. The stepwise esterification/Michael addition sequence is promoted by Zn(OTf) 2 and quinine-squaramide derivative, respectively. The protocol enables access to spiro-fused pentacyclic spirooxindoles from coumarin-3-formylpyrazoles and 3-hydroxyoxindoles in good to satisfactory overall yields (up to 91%) with excellent dr (all cases >20:1 dr) and high ee values (up to 99%). Mechanistic investigations contributed to shedding light on the enantioselective event of the process.
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