The dictyopharid planthopper tribe Aluntiini s.l. is revised and reclassified into two tribes: Aluntiini s.s. and Arjunini Song & Szwedo trib. nov. The tribe Aluntiini s.s. includes five genera: Aluntia Stål, 1866; Dendrophora Melichar, 1903 stat. rev.; Dictyomorpha Melichar, 1912; Indodictyophara Liang & Song, 2012; and Madagascaritia Song & Liang gen. nov. The new tribe Arjunini comprises two genera – Arjuna Muir, 1934 and Pippax Emeljanov, 2008 – both moved from Aluntiini s.l. Four new species – Aluntia longicephalica Song & Szwedo sp. nov., Madagascaritia angusta Song & Liang sp. nov., Arjuna maai Song & Wang sp. nov., and Arjuna muiri Song & Wang sp. nov. – are described. A morphologically based phylogenetic analysis is undertaken for Aluntiini, Arjunini, and the representatives of Dictyopharini, Hastini, Orthopagini, and the fossil Worskaitini within Dictyopharinae, all distributed in the Old World. A matrix of 129 characters of the habitus, coloration, head, thorax, and male and female genitalia of the adults was used for the cladistic analysis. The phylogenetic results show that Aluntiini s.l. as placed in Dictyopharidae is well supported, but it is distinctly paraphyletic and should be separated into two unambiguous tribes. A palaeotropical distribution pattern displayed by Aluntiini is suggested. The origin and diversification of Aluntiini are discussed preliminarily. © 2015 The Linnean Society of London

A phylogenetic analysis is conducted for all 15 of the Oriental genera of Orthopagini (OGO), and representatives in Arjunini, Dictyopharini, and Hastini, so as to investigate the monophyly and phylogenetic relationships of the OGO. Although the length, thickness, and curvature of the cephalic process vary dramatically in different taxa of Orthopagini, most OGO make up a good monophylum if Emeljanovina Xing & Chen, 2013, is excluded. The revised OGO include 14 genera and can be divided into four unambiguous clades: Medeusa, Dictyopharina, Orthopagus, and Dictyotenguna. On the basis of the results of the above analysis, the phylogenetic analysis for all species of Centromeria Stå l, 1870 is presented based on 48 adult characters. The revised Centromeria is monophyletic and can be separated into two unambiguous lineages: the speilinea clade and the longipennis clade. With the combination of the phylogeny and the updated geographical distribution, a Sundaland origin and a historically widespread distribution in Southeast Asia are suggested for Centromeria. Eight new Centromeria species, one new genus, and four new combinations are presented. Two synonymized Centromeria species are resurrected and two new specific synonyms are recognized. Diagnoses and descriptions, along with structural illustrations of male genitalia, are provided for all new species and four previously described species, excepting Centromeria inspinata Haupt, 1917. Keys to the OGO and to the species of Centromeria are provided.

To explore the phylogenetic basis of the current classification of Dictyopharidae, especially the relationships among the tribes of Dictyopharinae, we present the first cladistic analysis of this family based on 146 morphological characters of adults. Our analysis includes 104 of 125 recognized genera and subgenera within 12 extant tribes of Dictyopharinae, plus nine genera representing all four tribes of Orgeriinae. The results of this study support Dictyopharidae as a monophyletic group with Aluntiini sister to the remaining Dictyopharidae, but do not support Orgeriinae as sister to Dictyopharinae. Seven major lineages -Aluntiini, Arjunini, Hastini, (Taosini + Lappidini) + Nersiini, a Xenochasma + complex (including 'Orgeriinae'), Orthopagini, and Dictyopharini -are recovered in Dictyopharidae. The Xenochasma + complex is proposed here and includes Xenochasma clade + (Scoloptini + ((Fernandea clade + Phylloscelini) + (Rancodini + [Capenini + Orgeriinae]))). Within this complex, some genera are of uncertain tribal placement, and the Orgeriinae are retained as a subfamily until a molecular phylogeny can confirm the results of this paper. The implied weighting analysis supports the monophyly of most tribes of Dictyopharinae (except Taosini), the sister-group relationships of (Taosini + Lappidini) with Nersiini, and Orthopagini + Dictyopharini, and the current tribal classification for Dictyopharinae. Most Dictyopharinae genera fit their respective tribal affiliation, but some proposed changes are that Pharodictyon, Paramisia, Dictyopharoides s.s., Chondrophana, Sicoris, Chondrodire, and Tupala are provisionally placed in Hastini; Pukuakanga is moved into Nersiini; Sinodictya and Raphiophora are transferred into Orthopagini; and Chiltana, Litocras, and Viridophara are placed in Dictyopharini.