Background Residents’ preference for primary health care (PHC) determined their utilization of PHC. This study aimed to assess the determinants of PHC service preference among the residents and the trend in PHC service preference over time in China. Methods We employed the nationally representative longitudinal data from 2012 to 2018 based on the China Family Panel Studies. The analysis framework was guided by the Andersen model of health service utilization. We included a total of 12,508 individuals who have been successfully followed up in the surveys of 2012, 2014, 2016, and 2018 without any missing data. Logistic regressions were performed to analyze potential predictors of PHC preference behavior. Results The results indicated that individuals’ socio-economic circumstances and their health status factors were statistically significant determinants of PHC preference. Notably, over time, the residents’ likelihood of choosing PHC service represented a decreasing trend. Compare to 2012, the likelihood of PHC service preference decreased by 18.6% (OR, 0.814; 95% CI, 0.764–0.867) in 2014, 30.0% (OR, 0.700; 95% CI, 0.657–0.745) in 2016, and 34.9% (OR, 0.651; 95% CI, 0.611–0.694) in 2018. The decrease was significantly associated with the changes in residents’ health status. Conclusions The residents’ likelihood of choosing PHC service represented a decreasing trend, which was contrary to the objective of China’s National Health Reform in 2009. We recommend that policymakers adjust the primary service items in PHC facilities and strengthen the coordination of service between PHC institutions and higher-level hospitals.

In such a rapidly changing era, technologies are faster than those in the past. To cope with environmental changes and rising consumer knowledge, the business environment in medical industry is facing violent changes, and high competition appears in medical industry. Medical industry has to strive for sustainable management or promote the competitiveness. Aiming at a hospital in Shanghai city, the managerial level, physicians, and employees in the primary hospital of School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, are distributed 300 copies of questionnaire. Total 238 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 79%. The research results conclude the positive relations between 1.organizational learning and human capital, 2.human capital and innovation ability, and 3.organizational learning and innovation ability. According to the results, suggestions are eventually proposed, expecting to assist domestic medical industry in promoting the organization innovation ability.

Abstract:The manufacturers' quick response to their market demand largely depends on whether their production logistics system is in a balance and coordination status. A simulation experiment of production logistics balance is conducted for a manufacturing enterprise in the process of processing production, using Petri net + Flexsim software in this paper, which analyses the features and effects of the production logistics system, eventually comes up with some improvement strategies and optimizations addressing the identified bottleneck problems.

The interaction between the economic level and the pipeline logistics is analyzed by using the Granger causality test, error correction model, and impulse response analysis in this paper. The results show that the level of economic development will support pipeline logistics, but the level of pipeline logistics will not support the economic development obviously.

No abstract