Sustainability is key factor for transforming traditional supply chain networks into modern ones. This study, for the first time, considers the impacts of the backup suppliers and lateral transshipment/resupply simultaneously on designing a Sustainable Closed-Loop Supply Chain Network (SCLSCN) to decrease the shortage that may occur during the transmission of produced goods in the network. In this manner, the fuzzy multi-objective mixed-integer linear programming model is proposed to design an efficient SCLSCN resiliently. Moreover, the concept of circular economy has been studied in this paper to reduce environmental effects. This study aims to optimize total and environmental costs, including energy consumption and pollution emissions, while increasing job opportunities. A demand uncertainty component is considered to represent reality more closely. Due to the importance of demand, this parameter is estimated using the Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) as an input into the proposed mathematical model. Then, the fuzzy robust optimization approach is applied in a fuzzy set’s environment. The model is tackled by a Multi-Choice Goal Programming Approach with Utility Function (MCGP-UF) to be solved in a timely manner, and the equivalent auxiliary crisp model is employed to convert the multi-objective function to a single objective. The proposed model is tested on the case study of the tire industry in terms of costs, environmental impacts, and social effects. The result confirmed that considering the concept of lateral resupply and backup supplier could considerably decrease the total costs and reduce shortages on the designed SCLSCN. Finally, sensitivity analysis on some crucial parameters is conducted, and future research directions are discussed.

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Countries considering high-speed rail (HSR) developments face enormous challenges because of their high deployment cost, environmental obstacles, political opposition, and their potentially adverse effects on society. Nevertheless, HSR services are importantly sustainable that can have positive and transformative effects on the economic growth of a nation. This paper systematically reviews and classifies impact areas of HSR deployments around the world as well as the analytical methods used to evaluate those impacts. We have utilized the scholarly scientific database to find articles in HSR systems. By defining some rules, we select 116 articles between 1997 and March 2020. The approach revealed interesting patterns and trends in space, time, and sentiment of the analyzed impacts on society, the economy, and the environment. The findings can inform decision-making about HSR developments and deployments, and the gaps identified in the literature can propose new research opportunities for future studies.

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Today, power waste is one of the most crucial problems which power stations across the world are facing. One of the recent trends of the energy system is the lean management technique. When lean management is indicated by the system, customer value is increased and the waste process in industry or in a power station is reduced. In this paper, first of all, we propose mathematical modeling to reduce the cost of production, and then the simulation technique applies to electricity transmission distribution systems. Furthermore, we consider two criteria for comparison including the different cost of the system and the rate of energy waste during the transmission. The primary approach is to use both of the models in order to draw a comparison between simulation results and mathematical models. Finally, the analysis of the test results done by the CPLEX toolbox of MATLAB Software 2019 leads to a remarkable decrease in the costs of energy demand in the electricity transmitting network distribution system.