No abstract

The present study was designed to detect possible biomarkers associated with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) incidence in an effort to develop novel treatments for this condition. The GSE7014 and GSE29221 gene expression datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, after which differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between DFU and healthy samples. These DEGs were then arranged into a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment analyses were performed to explore the functional roles of these genes. In total, 1192 DEGs were identified in the GSE7014 dataset (900 upregulated, 292 downregulated), while 1177 were identified in the GSE29221 dataset (257 upregulated, 919 downregulated). GO analyses revealed these DEGs to be significantly enriched in biological processes including sarcomere organization, muscle filament sliding, and the regulation of cardiac conduction, molecular functions including structural constituent of muscle, protein binding, and calcium ion binding, and cellular components including Z disc, myosin filament, and M band. These DEGs were also enriched in the adrenergic signaling in cardiomyoctes, dilated cardiomyopathy, and tight junction KEGG pathways. Together, the findings of these bioinformatics analyses thus identified key hub genes associated with DFU development.

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Density, porosity, and pore morphology constitute the basic physical properties of meteorites.These properties of 214 fragments from 163 different ordinary chondrites (OCs), including falls, non-Antarctic finds, and Antarctic finds, were measured, calculated, and investigated. Of all the measured OCs data, densities, and porosities of 37 OC falls (14 H, 17 L, and 6 LL), 31 non-Antarctic finds (9 H and 22 L), and 95 Antarctic finds (24 H and 73 L) are reported for the first time. The individual masses of all the meteorite fragments measured in this study ranged between 0.8953 and 7.7133 g, and these masses were too low to be measured by the Archimedean glass bead method. Our study indicated that the grain density and porosity of find OCs are significantly reduced by terrestrial weathering. As a result, such OCs are not suitable for their physical propertie study. Shock degree ≤S2 slightly increases the measurable porosities of the meteorites by generating a certain amount of tiny cracks in the silicates to connect some isolated pores with the measurable pores. Shock degree over S2 significantly reduces the porosities of meteorites by compacting or even melting the material. Weathering reduced the porosities via space filling of weathering products. Shock load over S2 reduced the porosities of the meteorites by minerals compressing or melting. Moreover, the shock load over S2 also converted intergrain irregular pores into intragrain cracks. Thermal metamorphism mainly changed the pore morphology (size) by pore merging during mineral recrystallization. The pore morphology also plays a significant role in controlling the friability of OCs.