AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of a modified Sauve-Kapandji procedure for patients with old fractures in the distal radius.MethodsFifteen patients (10 male and 5 female patients with an average age of 40 years old) were treated by the modified Sauve-Kapandji procedure from January 2014 to April 2016. All patients had undergone at least one previous operation on the involved wrist, and they were still suffering from pain and functional limitations at the time of admission. The postoperative follow-up period was 12-26 months and the average was 20 months. Functional assessment was made at the last follow-up. All patients were evaluated according a Modified Mayo Wrist Score system.ResultsOf the fifteen patients with posttraumatic arthritis, thirteen had excellent results, two had good results, and one had fair results. There were no major complications.ConclusionsThe modified Sauve-Kapandji procedure is a safe and effective surgical alternative for intractable disorders of the distal radioulnar joint and can be recommended as a salvage procedure when previous treatments fail.

AbstractIndividualized therapies targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations show promises for the treatment of non small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). However, disease progression almost invariably occurs 1 year after tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. The most prominent mechanism of acquired resistance involves the secondary EGFR mutation, namely EGFR T790M, which accounts for 50%–60% of resistant tumors. A large amount of studies have focused on the development of effective strategies to treat TKI-resistant EGFR T790M mutation in lung tumors. Novel generations of EGFR inhibitors are producing encouraging results in patients with acquired resistance against EGFR T790M mutation. This review will summarize the novel inhibitors, which might overcome resistance against EGFR T790M mutation.

miR‑574‑5p has been reported involved in the pathogenesis of numerous human malignancies such as colorectal and lung cancer. In this study, we aimed to explore the roles of REL and miR‑574 in the recurrence of prostate cancer (PCa) and to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our literature search found that miR‑574 is regulated in cancer stem cells (CSCs), and next we used the microRNA (miRNA) database (www.mirdb.org) to find REL as a target of miR‑574. Luciferase assay was performed to verify the miRNA/target relationship. Oligo-transfection, real‑time PCR and western blot analysis were used to support the conclusions. We validated REL to be the direct gene via luciferase reporter assay system, and real‑time PCR and western blot analysis were also conducted to study the mRNA and protein expression level of REL between different groups (recurrence and non‑recurrence) or cells treated with scramble control, miR‑574 mimics, REL siRNA and miR‑574 inhibitors, indicating the negative regulatory relationship between miR‑574 and REL. We also investigated the relative viability of prostate CSCs when transfected with scramble control, miR‑574 mimics, REL siRNA and miR‑574 inhibitors to validate miR‑574 to be positively interfering with the viability of prostate CSCs. We then investigated the relative apoptosis of prostate CSCs when transfected with scramble control, miR‑574 mimics, REL siRNA and miR‑574 inhibitors. The results showed miR‑574 inhibited apoptosis. In conclusion, miR‑574 might be a novel prognostic and therapeutic target in the management of PCa recurrence.

Objective:This study summarizes research progress on human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and carcinogenesis mechanism, curative effect, and prognosis of oropharyngeal epithelium.Methods:By using Medline and PubMed database retrieval system and “HPV, oropharyngeal cancer” as keywords, we searched relevant literature from January 1998 to June 2012 and incorporated results into the following criteria: 1) biological characteristics of HPV; 2) carcinogenic mechanism and route of HPV transmission; 3) HPV infection rate in oropharyngeal cancer; 4) HPV infection and prognosis of oropharyngeal cancer; and 5) HPV vaccine. A total of 38 articles were analyzed according to incorporated criteria.Results:HPV mainly infects oral mucosa through direct mouth–genital contact. Among general populations, oropharyngeal cancer tissues present higher HPV infection rate than oral mucosal epithelium. Polymerase chain reaction-based detection shows the highest sensitivity and is most widely used in HPV detection. High-risk HPV16/18 is a commonly detected type. HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer is an independent subtype, displaying unique molecular biological and clinical features. Tumor tissues rare exhibit P53 mutation. Oropharyngeal cancer patients are sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy and display long-term prognosis. Preventive effects of HPV vaccine on oropharyngeal cancer still require elucidation.Conclusion:HPV infection is an important risk and independent prognostic factor of oropharyngeal cancer.