Aims
To investigate the career success and work environment among nurses with a master's or doctoral degree and analyse the effect of work environment on their career success.
Methods
This was a national descriptive, cross‐sectional study. A total of 1223 nurses with a master's or doctoral degree from 115 tertiary hospitals across mainland China participated in the study. Subscales of the practice environment scale of the nursing work index and career success scale were utilized for data collection via email in the summer of 2017. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the collected data.
Results
The research showed that the career success and work environment ratings of nurses with a master's or doctoral degree were at a moderate level. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that work environment was positively correlated with career success for three of the four subscales.
Conclusion
The career success and work environment is moderate among nurses with a master's or doctoral degree, and improving the work environment for nurses may lead to higher career success.
Aims and objectives
To evaluate the effectiveness of horticultural therapy on cognitive function, agitation, positive emotion and engagement in people with dementia.
Background
The number of people with dementia is increasing rapidly, and nonpharmacological interventions such as horticultural therapy have been recommended as the first choice for these patients. Horticultural therapy involves participatory and ornamental horticultural therapy. Many original studies have examined the effectiveness of horticultural therapy in the last two decades. However, these studies vary in types of interventions, outcomes and measurement.
Design
A quantitative systematic review and meta‐analysis.
Methods
This systematic review was conducted under PRISMA guidelines. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi‐experimental studies involving horticultural therapy for people with dementia were included. Risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane's and Joanna Briggs Institute's tool. Reference lists and a relevant journal were searched. Meta‐analyses were conducted using RevMan 5.3. PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, BIOSIS Previews, Web of Science Core Collection, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, SinoMed, Cochrane Library and ProQuest Health & Medical Complete were searched. Studies from database inception to 1 July 2019 were included.
Results
This systematic review included 14 studies (4 RCTs and 10 quasi‐experimental studies) involving 411 people with dementia. The results of meta‐analyses indicated that significant differences were found in the effectiveness of participatory horticultural therapy on total score of cognitive function, agitation, positive emotion and engagement, but not in the effectiveness of ornamental horticultural activities on agitation and positive emotion.
Conclusions
The existing evidence supports the effectiveness of participatory horticultural therapy on cognitive function, agitation, positive emotion and engagement. Future high‐quality original studies are needed to draw more robust conclusions.
Relevance to clinical practice
The results support the use of participatory horticultural therapy for improving cognitive function, agitation, positive emotion and engagement of people with dementia.
Due to relatively small sample size and low quality of the included studies in this review, it is difficult to draw a conclusion on the effect of massage and touch on behavioural and psychological syndrome of dementia or implications for practice.
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