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Two poly(benzyl ether) dendrons, decorated in their periphery with nitrile groups, were divergently synthesized and fully characterized. Their gelation properties were studied by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray crystal structure analysis and concentration-and temperature-dependent 1 H NMR spectroscopy. It was found that the gelation capability of these dendrons was highly dependent on dendron generation, and the second-generation dendron G 2 -CN proved to be highly efficient organogelator despite the lacking of any conventional gelation motifs, such as amides, long alkyl side chains and steroidal groups. The multiple strong - stacking interactions and hydrogen bonding interactions due to the peripheral isophthalonitrile motifs were proved to be the main driving forces to form the self-assembled gel. Over the past decades, dendritic gelators have gained much interest due to the advantages of significant steric impact and capability of forming multiple noncovalent interactions [1][2][3]. So far, a great number of physically thermo-reversible hydrogel and organogel systems based on dendrimers or dendrons with different chemical structures and functionalities have been reported [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. In 1986, Newkome and coworkers [4,5] initiated the field of dendritic supramolecular gels by reporting a series of arborol-shaped hydrogelators. Aida and co-workers [7] have reported the first example of dendritic organogel in 2000 by using an ester-terminated Fréchet-type dendrons with a dipeptide focal core. Since then, great attention has been focused on the design of novel dendritic gelators with highly gelation properties. For example, Smith and co-workers [10,11] have systematically studied both one-component and two-component dendritic gelators based on lysine. Jia and co-workers [12][13][14] have reported a series of dendritic organogel with lyotropic liquid crystals properties based on glycine and L-aspartic acid. Lately, Liu and co-workers [19] have synthesized a series of L-glutamate based aromatic dendrons as ambidextrous gelators of water and organic solvents. Among these successful examples reported, the incorporation of amide units into the core or the branches of the dendritic organogelators has been considered very necessary for the effective gelation process. However, it remains a great challenge to date in the design of effective dendritic organogelators with no conventional gelation motifs such as peptide and long alkyl chains [22,23]. We previously reported a series of peripherally dimethyl isophthalate-functionalized poly(benzyl ether) dendrons, which could act as a highly efficient dendritic organogelator despite the lacking of any conventional gelating motifs [24,25]. The multiple strong - stacking interactions due to the peripheral dimethyl isophthalate motifs and non-typical hydrogen bonding were found to be the key contributor in forming the self-assembled gel. Encouraged by these exciting results, we wish to extend such ...

ObjectiveTo investigate whether enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) can promote rehabilitation of patients after neurosurgical craniotomy.MethodsThe clinical data of 100 patients with brain tumor undergoing craniotomy in the Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, from January 2018 to August 2020 were collected, including 50 patients in the ERAS group and 50 patients in the control group. t-Test, Wilcoxon’s rank sum test, and chi-square analysis were used to compare the clinical characteristics, prognosis, and hospitalization time between the two groups.ResultsThere was no significant difference in gender, age, and other general clinical data between the two groups (p > 0.05). The days of antiemetic drugs applied in the ERAS group were less than those in the control group (1.00 vs. 2.00 days, p = 0.003), and the proportion of patients requiring analgesics was lower than that of the control group (30% vs. 52%, OR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.18–0.93, p = 0.031). The time of urinary catheter removal and that of patients starting ambulation in the ERAS group were shorter than those in the control group (16.00 vs. 24.00 h, and 1.00 vs. 2.00 days, p < 0.001, respectively); and the hospital length of stay (LOS) in the ERAS group was shorter than that in the control group (Total LOS, 13.00 vs. 15.50 days; Postoperative LOS, 7.00 vs. 10.00 days, p < 0.001). By analyzing the prognosis of patients in the ERAS group and control group, we found that there was no significant difference in postoperative complications and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score 1 month after operation between the two groups.ConclusionThe application of ERAS in craniotomy can accelerate the postoperative recovery of patients without increasing the perioperative risk, which is worthy of wide application. However, whether the ERAS measures can reduce the postoperative complications and improve the prognosis of patients still needs more large-scale case validation and multicenter collaborative study.