No abstract

In this work, the fi rst example of a hierarchically structured hollow silica system is reported without any chemical modifi cation to the enzyme involved in the process. The leaching of the physically adsorbed enzyme is substantially restrained in comparison to pure hollow silica supports. The hierarchical architecture is composed of the ordered hollow silica spheres with a shellin-shell structure. This rationally integrated architecture, which serves as the host for glucose oxidase immobilization, displays many signifi cant advantages, including increases in mechanical stability, enzyme loading, and bioactivity, and a decrease in enzyme leaching compared to existing pure hollow silica matrices. This facilitates further multifarious applications for enhanced enzyme immobilization, biosensors, and biocatalysis.

No abstract

Tunable sub-10 nm 1D nanogaps are fabricated based on nanoskiving. The electric field in different sized nanogaps is investigated theoretically and experimentally, yielding nonmonotonic dependence and an optimized gap-width (5 nm). 2D nanogap arrays are fabricated to pack denser gaps combining surface patterning techniques. Innovatively, 3D multistory nanogaps are built via a stacking procedure, processing higher integration, and much improved electric field.