Background SARS-CoV-2 has spread worldwide and poses a great threat to human health. Among COVID-19 patients, those with hypertension have been reported to have higher morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to provide the international community with a deeper understanding of COVID-19 with hypertension. Methods A total of 623 COVID-19 patients enrolled in Wuhan’s hospital were studied from January to March 2020. The epidemiology, clinical features, and laboratory data of hypertensive patients with COVID-19 were collected, retrospectively analyzed, and compared with a normotensive group. The use of antihypertensive drugs, general treatment, and clinical outcomes of hypertensive patients were also analyzed. Results The median ages in hypertensive patients with mild and severe COVID-19 were both significantly greater than the median age in the normotensive group. But there was no significant gender difference between the hypertensive and normotensive groups. All patients had lived in Wuhan area. Common symptoms of all patients included fever, cough, and fatigue. Chest computed tomography (CT) scans showed bilateral patchy shadows or ground glass opacity in the lungs of all patients. All (315 (100%)) of the hypertensive patients received antiviral therapy (Umifenovir was used alone or in combination with Ribavirin), antibiotic therapy (215 (68.3%)), and corticosteroids (118 (37.5%)). The results suggest that the combination of Umifenovir and Ribavirin as initial therapy for hypertensive patients with COVID-19 is effective and safe. There were no significant differences in laboratory data between the mild cases in the hypertensive and the normotensive groups. In the severe cases, the hypertensive patients had higher plasma levels of D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the hypertensive patients who were treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEI/ARB) were not represented in a statistically significant manner between the mild and severe groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion In this study, we demonstrated that the hypertensive patients who were treated with ACEI/ARB did not have an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19. Umifenovir and Ribavirin played an important role in the treatment of viral pneumonia. Hypertensive patients with severe viral pneumonia had stronger inflammatory responses than nonhypertensive patients.

Existing methods cannot accurately establish the joint output probabilistic model of the Wind-PV-CSP multi-energy complementary generation system. Therefore, based on the analysis of the correlation and complementarity among wind power, PV, and CSP output, a method of establishing the joint output probability model of Wind-PV-CSP multi-energy complementary system by using Copula theory and Gaussian mixture model is proposed. Considering the operational history data of wind power, PV, and CSP, the Copula function based on the correlation between PV and CSP output is adopted to establish the probabilistic model of CSP-PV combined output. Moreover, the probabilistic model for the joint output of PV-wind power generation is set up using the mixed Gaussian model based on the complementarity of wind power and PV output. Subsequently, based on the probabilistic models for the combined outputs of wind power-PV and CSP-PV, the probabilistic model for the combined output of wind power-PV-CSP mixed Gaussian model was established. Moreover, three evaluation metrics-the Nash efficiency coefficient (NSE), root mean square error (RMSE), and Euclid coefficient, are used to judge the quality of the model. The operational history data of CSP-PV-wind power in Jiuquan high proportion renewable energy base is taken as examples; the simulation results verify the validity and usability of the proposed method.

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