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This paper describes the fossil charophytes collected from the Late Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Dazu and Early Jurassic Lower Yimen Formation in Xichang, Sichuan Province, and their significance. Up to now, papers dealing with fossil charophytes of the Late Triassic, especially of the Early Jurassic, have been rarely published. The description of the two new species of Porochara, P. dazuensis and P. xichangensis, and their fossil assemblage not only provides an important basis for classification and correlation of red beds in southwestern China but reveals for the first time the features of the charophyte flora of the Late Triassic-Early Jurassic in the area, thus offering valuable data for the establishment of Triassic and Jurassic charophyte fossil zones in China.

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(1) Background: Geological surveying is undergoing a digital transformation process towards the adoption of intelligent methods in China. Cognitive intelligence methods, such as those based on knowledge graphs and machine reading, have made progress in many domains and also provide a technical basis for quality detection in unstructured lithographic description texts. (2) Methods: First, the named entities and the relations of the domain-specific knowledge graph of petrography were defined based on the petrographic theory. Second, research was carried out based on a manually annotated corpus of petrographic description. The extraction of N-ary and single-entity overlapping relations and the separation of complex entities are key steps in this process. Third, a petrographic knowledge graph was formulated based on prior knowledge. Finally, the consistency between knowledge triples extracted from the corpus and the petrographic knowledge graph was calculated. The 1:50,000 sheet of Fengxiangyi located in the Dabie orogenic belt was selected for the empirical research. (3) Results: Using machine reading and the knowledge graph, petrographic knowledge can be extracted and the knowledge consistency calculation can quickly detect description errors about textures, structures and mineral components in petrographic description. (4) Conclusions: The proposed framework can be used to realise the intelligent inspection of petrographic knowledge with complex entities and relations and to improve the quality of petrographic description texts effectively.