Coal tar bearing emulsions were used in the Netherlands as binder in anti-skid surfaces for runways because of their perfect adhesion and fuel resistance properties. They are however toxic and will not be allowed anymore after 2010. Therefore alternatives need to be developed. As one of the alternatives, two types of two-component epoxy modified bitumen have been investigated by means of direct tensile tests (DTT), relaxation tests (RT) and dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) tests. The effect of the curing temperature on the strength development of the epoxy modified bitumen was tested. The results show that the tensile strength increases with increasing curing time and temperature. DTT and RT results indicate that this new epoxy modified bitumen has a much higher tensile strength, cures faster than a bitumen emulsion as a binder. Furthermore, it shows a good stress relaxation even at lower temperatures. The curing speed and the ultimate tensile strength after full curing can be easily adjusted. The DSR results show that the complex modulus of this epoxy modified binder is less susceptible to changes in temperature. The results also suggest that this epoxy modified bitumen has better anti-crack properties at lower temperature and less permanent deformation than bituminous binders at higher temperatures. All these results shows that this type of two-component epoxy modified bitumen can be promising as a binder in anti-skid layers.

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Gussasphalt is widely used in steel deck pavement in cold regions; thus, it should have good low-temperature performance. A method for evaluating the low-temperature performance of gussasphalt is presented in this paper. Low-temperature bending, bending creep, and splitting tests were used to study the performance of different types of gussasphalt. The sensitivity and correlation between low-temperature indices obtained from three methods were compared and analyzed with sensitivity factors and the grey relational coefficient, respectively, and the low-temperature evaluation index and standard of gussasphalt in cold regions were determined. Flow, penetration at 50°C, low-temperature bending, and bending fatigue tests of the trabeculae were carried out after secondary mixing of gussasphalt asphalt concrete. Degradation of the material performance after different storage times was studied. Finally, taking the strain energy density as the main control index and considering the fluidity, the high-temperature performance, fatigue characteristics, technical requirements for storage, and mixing time of gussasphalt in cold weather after two mixing procedures are discussed.