Abstract

Lots of applications in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are related to location information. The cost of the hardware on WSN nodes hinder the application of distance-based localization technologies that depend on absolute point-to-point distance measurement. Schemes in distance-independent localization are being put forward instead of more expensive distance-based algorithm. APIT is one of typical distance-independent algorithms. But APIT algorithm requires that all participating anchor nodes are within a single hop from the location-unknown node (test node) and demands that nodes’ density is large enough to ensure that in any direction on the test node there exists at least one node, which is difficult to meet in practical WSN.