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Due to the dynamic nature of wireless mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), clustering is recognized as a promising solution for enhancing the scalability of MANETs against frequent topology changes. Numerous techniques have been proposed to achieve resistant-to-mobility and energy conservation of the network. Most of the existing clustering algorithms assume an ideal network environment with no signal strength attenuation. Therefore, these works fail to scale well in realistic MANETs. In this paper, we present a novel weighted clustering approach in which using received signal strength as an important clustering criterion. By modeling signal attenuation scenarios, the proposed algorithm parameterizes clustering criteria to estimate the quality value of a mobile node. A mobile node with maximum quality value has high probability to play as a clusterhead. Furthermore, we offer an efficient event driven mechanism to handle the dynamic topology of network. We compare the results of SECA with two other well-known clustering approaches; MCFA and GDMAC by using different performance metrics. Simulation results show that SECA is an efficient approach for clustering in realistic network environments and has a good performance in comparison with the other two approaches

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Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 (HMIPv6) is an enhanced Mobile IPv6 for reducing signaling cost of location management. Multi-level Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 (MHMIPv6) can organize mobile region as a multi-level hierarchy architecture, which is more flexible to support scalable services. However, MHMIPv6 will bring additional packet processing overhead, and produce negative impact especially on some mobile nodes (MNs) with relatively low movement characteristics. This paper proposes a dynamic hierarchical Mobile IPv6 (DHMIPv6) management, in which different hierarchies are dynamically set up to minimize the total cost for different MNs according to their movement characteristics respectively. Under such management MNs can select the monolayer or two-layer mobility anchor point(MAP) structure when they occur the handover at any time. Experimental results show that compared with HMIPv6 and MHMIPv6, DHMIPv6 achieves high adaptability with lower total cost under various scenarios.

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