To keep the nitro group in the cis position, a series of nitromethylene neonicotinoids containing a tetrahydropyridine ring with exo-ring ether modifications were designed and synthesized. All of the compounds were characterized and confirmed by 1H NMR, high-resolution mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and IR. The bioassay tests showed that some of them exhibited good insecticidal activities against pea aphids. On the basis of 10 nitromethylene derivatives, the quantitative structure-bioactivity relationship (QSAR) was analyzed and established. The results suggested that AlogP98 and Dipole_Mopac might be the important parameters related with biological activities.

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Various nitromethylene derivatives were synthesized regioselectively. Compounds 8a-f were obtained by the reaction of 1-((5-chloropyridin-2-yl)methyl)-2-(nitromethylene)-octahydro-1H-cyclopenta[d]-pyrimidine (3) with primary amines and formaldehyde. The synthesized compounds were identified by 1H NMR, HRMS (EI), and IR, and preliminary bioassays indicated that most of them showed moderate insecticidal activities against Aphis craccivora. The relationship between hydrophobicity and biological activity was also discussed.

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To achieve sustainable development, the development and utilization of redox-active organic species in aqueous redox flow batteries provide broad prospects for large-scale and sustainable energy storage. Herein, we report a sulfonated ferrocene derivative, ferrocene ammonium sulfonate, that is stable and easy to synthesize. We applied it as a catholyte in zinc hybrid flow batteries. Through the adjustment of the electrolyte, the battery showed high capacity retention and efficiency. When the current density was 20 mA/cm2 and 0.5 M NaCl + 0.5 M NH4Cl solution was used as the supporting electrolyte, the capacity retention reached 92.55% after 100 consecutive charge/discharge cycles. In addition, the coulombic efficiency, energy efficiency, and voltage efficiency stayed at 98.33, 83.19, and 84.60%, respectively. This battery design puts forward an idea for developing low-cost materials and improving capacity retention.