These data indicated that CDK2 was a crucial factor in metastasis of Pca and might be a novel therapy target. [Formula: see text].

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common form of cancer of the urinary tract. The present study aimed to identify driver genes in RCC using a bioinformatics approach. GSE53757 and GSE40435 microarray data were analyzed, and differentially expressed genes were filtered prior to gene ontology (GO) and pathway analysis. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established. Overall survival and recurrence were investigated and based on data presented in cBioPortal. The COPS7B gene within the PPI network was selected for further study in vitro. The present study identified 174 and 149 genes possessing a significant signal to noise ratio in GSE53757 and GSE40435, respectively. In total, 53 of these genes were selected based upon inclusion in both datasets. GO analysis indicated that PRKCDBP, EHD2, KCNJ10, ATP1A1, KCNJ1 and EHD2 may be involved in various biological processes. Furthermore, ALDH6A1, LDHA, SUCLG1 and ABAT may be involved in the propanoate metabolism pathway. A network consisting of 106 genes, and one typical cluster were constructed. In addition, COPS7B was selected, as it was associated with decreased overall survival and increased recurrence rates, in order to elucidate its function in RCC. Furthermore, upregulation of COPS7B was demonstrated to be predictive of advanced stage disease and metastasis of RCC. Finally, COPS7B-knockdown inhibited RCC cell proliferation and invasion ability. Collectively, these results provided novel insights into COPS7B function, indicating that COPS7B may serve as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in RCC.

The development of nanotechnology and nanomaterials has provided insights into the treatment of urinary system tumors. Nanoparticles can be used as sensitizers or carriers to transport drugs. Some nanoparticles have intrinsic therapeutic effects on tumor cells. Poor patient prognosis and highly drug-resistant malignant urinary tumors are worrisome to clinicians. The application of nanomaterials and the associated technology against urinary system tumors offers the possibility of improving treatment. At present, many achievements have been made in the application of nanomaterials against urinary system tumors. This review summarizes the latest research on nanomaterials in the diagnosis and treatment of urinary system tumors and provides novel ideas for future research on nanotechnologies in this field.