Under the background of today’s society, people’s daily life and production are inseparable from the use of information technology. With the rapid development of Internet technology and national information industry, more and more small and medium-sized enterprises choose to apply AI financial information management system. Based on this background, this paper introduces the principle of parallel computing and applies it to the financial management of enterprises together with artificial intelligence technology. Firstly, the paper discusses the model and form of the basic technology, then optimizes it, studies the actual financial management needs of small and medium-sized enterprises, completes the design and implementation of the system structure, and conducts simulation experiments to test the effectiveness of the system’s functional performance. It can be seen from the test results that the system meets the design goals and has basic functions, but some details and contents need to be improved and supplemented. Therefore, we must strive to ensure the accuracy, preciseness, and reliability of financial management data. When more data are needed, faster and better data processing based on user needs and feedback is required. This paper delves into artificial intelligence technology and the idea of parallel computing. This paper applies it to the field of enterprise financial management to create an effective management system.