HBV mRNA was found in abandoned IVF embryos of HBV-infected fathers, which confirmed that HBV could not only enter early cleavage embryos via sperm but also replicate in embryos, resulting in HBV father-infant transmission. HBV may interfere with embryonic development and thus affect pregnancy outcome.

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) FOXD2 adjacent opposite strand RNA 1 (FOXD2‐AS1) has been shown to be dysregulated in several types of human cancer. However, the role of FOXD2‐AS1 in cutaneous melanoma was still unclear. In our study, FOXD2‐AS1 expression has been found to be upregulated in cutaneous melanoma tissue specimens and cell lines compared with that in normal tissue specimens and normal human epidermal melanocyte, respectively. Furthermore, high expression of FOXD2‐AS1 was obviously correlated with deep Breslow thickness, present ulceration, high Clark level and distant metastasis in cutaneous melanoma patients. However, there were no statistical associations between FOXD2‐AS1 expression and cutaneous melanoma patients’ disease‐free survival and overall survival. The results of loss‐of‐function study showed that inhibition of FOXD2‐AS1 suppresses cutaneous melanoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion through regulating phospho‐Akt expression. In conclusion, FOXD2‐AS1 is associated with clinical progression in cutaneous melanoma patients, and functions as oncogenic lncRNA in cutaneous melanoma cells.

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Butenyl-spinosyn is a highly effective and broad-spectrum biopesticide produced by Saccharopolyspora pogona. However, the yield of this compound is difficult to increase because the regulatory mechanism of secondary metabolism is still unknown. Here, the transcriptional regulator Sp13016 was discovered to be highly associated with butenyl-spinosyn synthesis and bacterial growth. Overexpression of sp13016 improved butenyl-spinosyn production to a level that was 2.84-fold that of the original strain, while deletion of sp13016 resulted in a significant decrease in yield and growth inhibition. Comparative proteomics revealed that these phenotypic changes were attributed to the influence of Sp13016 on the central carbon metabolism pathway to regulate the supply of precursors. Our research helps to reveal the regulatory mechanism of butenyl-spinosyn biosynthesis and provides a reference for increasing the yield of natural products of Actinomycetes.

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