In this paper, the results of the surface modification of natural zeolite with different amounts (2, 5 and 10 mmol M+/100g) of octadecyldimethylbenzyl ammonium ions (ODMBA) are presented. The obtained organozeolites were denoted as OZ-2, OZ-5 and OZ-10. The degree of ion exchange was followed by determination of amounts of inorganic cations released from zeolite. Results confirmed that reaction between ODMBA and starting zeolite has occurred via ion exchange mechanism. The obtained value for point of zero charge, pHpzc, of natural zeolite was 6.8±0.1, while for OZ-2, OZ-5 and OZ-10 pHpzc was 7.0±0.1. Below the pHpzc, the surfaces of materials are positive while at pH values higher than pHpzc their surfaces are negative. Compared to the pHpzc of natural zeolite, no significant differences in pHpzc was observed for all three organozeolites indicating that obtained products have similar functional groups with similar acid and basic characteristics as starting zeolite. The pHpzc was not dependent on the amount of ODMBA ions at the zeolitic surface and the value of pHpzc for all investigated sorbents is the same for all three electrolyte concentrations indicating that the pHpzc of each material is independent of the ionic strength of KNO3
In this paper, the results of adsorption of uranyl ion on acid-modified zeolitic mineral clinoptilolite are presented. Adsorption was investigated at different amounts of solid phase in suspension, as well as at different pH values. The modified clinoptilolite samples were obtained by treatment of clinoptilolite with acids: hydrochloric, oxalyc and citric. Starting and modified clinoptilolites were characterized by chemical analysis, thermal (DT/TG) analysis and by determination of cation exchange capacity, while starting and nonadsorbed amounts of uranyl ion were determined by fluorometric method. Uranyl ion adsorption experiments on natural unmodified zeolitic mineral showed that uranyl ion adsorption was low (29.2%) and that treatment of clinoptilolite with acids significantly increases the adsorption of uranyl ion (>90%). In the case of acid treated clinoptilolites, the highest adsorption of uranyl ion was achieved on clinoptilolite modified with hydrochloric acid. Kinetics of adsorption showed that adsorption of uranyl ion begins very fast and that the most of uranyl ion was adsorbed in first 30 min. Practically, there were no changes in uranyl ion adsorption within next 72 h
Izvod Metoda podetažnog zarušavanja, koja se često naziva i «švedskom varijantom UVODRazvoj metode podetažnog zarušavanja u najvećoj meri je posledica odgovarajućeg razvoja rudarske opreme, pre svega mašina za bušenje i miniranje i mašina za utovar i transport rude. Kada se hronološki sagledava razvoj ovih mašina, naročito u drugoj polovini prošlog veka, jasno se uočava velika zavisnost ovih okolnosti. Poznati svetski proizvodjači rudarske opreme permanentno su usavršavali, pre svega mašine za bušenje, namenjene primeni metoda podetažnog zarušavanja, u okviru toga prevashodno za varijantu ove metode koja se naziva «švedskom varijantom (slika 1, [1]) Sl. 1. Švedska varijanta podetažnog zarušavanja sa romboidalnim oblikom rudnog bloka u kome se ruda obara dubokim minskim bušotina sa specifičnim rasporedom
Izvod Metodu UVODU više ranijih radova govoreno je o problemima koji se javljaju pri primeni metode podetažnog zarušavanja, a koji se u najvećoj meri manifestuju na dva glavna pokazatelja metode: iskorišćenje i osiromašenje rude. Poznato je da se kod ove metode javlja nešto veći obim pripreme, da se vrlo veliki problemi javljaju pri nedovoljno preciznoj izradi podetažnih hodnika, isto tako i zbog nekih grešaka u izvodjenju radova na bušenju i miniranju.O pomenutim problemima je govoreno na bazi iskustava na primeni ove metode pri otkopavanju nekoliko rudnih tela u borskoj jami, u kojoj se ova metoda primenjuje od sredine prošlog veka. Uticaj nekih od njih, ispitivani su i na modelima u laboratorijskim uslovima, što je doprinelo očigled-nom upoznavanju zakonitosti odvijanja procesa istakanja minirane rude i štetnog uticaja nekih nepovoljnih pojava pri primeni metode podetažnog zarušavanja.Na bazi teoretskih i laboratorijskih istraživanja predloženo je nekoliko novih varijanti metode podetažnog zarušavanja, koje mogu doprineti otklanjanju nepovoljnih uticaja opisanih problema, koji se javljaju u praksi primene ove metode. RUDARSKI RADOVI 18PREDLOG NEKIH MOGUĆIH REŠENJA IZMENE KONSTRUKCIJE METODE PODETAŽNOG ZARUŠAVANJA U literaturi se sreće veći broj različitih konstrukcija metoda podetažnog zaruša-vanja, a ovde se razmatraju samo one koje su uporedive sa primenjenom «švedskom varijantom».Da bi se realno sagledao uticaj obima pripremnih radova, korisno je odrediti pokazatelj pripreme (koeficijent pripreme) za klasičnu varijantu -«švedsku varijantu» podetažnog zarušavanja, koja se u rudnim telima borske jame («Tilva Roš» i «P 2 A) primenjuje sa sledećim parametrima (slika 1): Kada se radi o mogućim varijantama metode podetažnog zarušavanja, kojima bi moglo da se zameni primenjeno podetažno zarušavanje u pomenutim rudnim telima Borskog ležišta, ima se u vidu pre svega potreba da se racionalizacija postigne sa stanovišta:-smanjenja obima pripreme u rudnim telima, -povećanja veličine bloka rude koja se otkopava, -racionalnijeg korišćenja opreme za bušenje, utovar i odvoz rude, -obezbedjenja uslova za smanjenje gubitaka i osiromašenja rude.Smanjenje koeficijenta pripreme postiže se, pre svega, povećanjem visine izmedju podetaža, odnosno povećanjem veličine bloka rude koji se otkopava, dok se za prevazilaženje većeg broja drugih nedostataka metode podetažnog zarušavanja, može postići prelazom na varijante metoda otkopavanja sa miniranjem rude u pojasima veće moćnosti. O nekim od tih varijanti se nadalje govori. Varijanta metode podetažnog za rušavanja sa većom visinom podetažaOva varijanta je razvijana paralelno sa najšire primenjivanom «švedskom varijantom» posebno u nekim švedskim rudnicima (Kiruna, Malmberget, Grengesberg i dr., /3/). Metoda, prikazana na slici 2, se karakteriše znatno većom visinom izmedju podetaža, tačnije primenom ove varijante mogla bi se priprema izvoditi na svakoj drugoj podetaži. Medjutim, kod ove varijante oblik bloka rude u poprečnom preseku nije sličan preseku kod «švedske varijante», pa se...
This paper presents the importance of limestone in a variety of industries with a special focus on the use of limestone as filler in the industry of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Of Out of all fillers, used in the industry of PVC processing, calcium carbonate type of fillers are 80%. Fillers are used in order to improve various mechanical properties of polymer such as tensile and breaking properties, density, bending strength, hardness, thermal stability, viscosity and more. Latest trends of industrial development and demands of the processing industry for high quality carbonate fillers influenced the implementation process of surface modification limestone and calcite, which is the main constituent of fine micronized limestone in order to enhance its performance.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.