In this study, strontium hexaferrite nanoparticles synthesized by sol–gel autocombustion method and the effect of high annealing temperature on produced nanoparticle have been studied. Powders were annealed at 1,000 and 1,300°C. Structural properties of synthesized powders were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Hexagonal structure and shape of SrFe12O19 nanoparticles were analyzed from field-emission scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope figures. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the formation of an M-type hexagonal structure. The thermal behavior of nanoparticles has been investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA and DTG). Height measurement of nanoparticles with 2D and 3D images of the surface obtained from atomic force microscopy. XRD pattern of strontium hexaferrite nanoparticle was used for determining the crystal structure and examining the effect of high annealing temperature on powders by finding lattice parameters, densities, crystallite size, specific surface area, and strain. Crystallite size, strain, and bulk density decreased when produced nanoparticles annealed at 1,000°C with decreased porosity when nanoparticles were annealed at 1,300°C. The specific surface area was found to be increased when nanoparticles were annealed at 1,000°C. In this study, influence of high temperature on the structure of SrFe12O19 nanoparticles was studied.
In this study, a new technique put in to the sol-gel auto-combustion method which is the preparation of solutions and treatment of products by using ultrasonic liquid sonicate. Different atomic concentrations of Holmium-doped strontium hexaferrite (SrFe 12−x Ho x O 19 ) been synthesized by the conventional sol-gel auto-combustion method. This new technique estimates as a novel method which escalates the amount of Ho +3 present in strontium hexaferrite of produced powder by 500% compared to the conventional method when Ho +3 substitution was 15% of atomic weight. Characterization of produced powders, porosity, unit cell volume, and lattice parameters were tested and calculated from x-ray diffraction. Morphology, particle size distribution, and shape of nanoparticles were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscope. Primary particle size and particle size distributions were studied by transmission electron microscope. The purity and elemental composition of products were tested by energy dispersive spectrometer. Bulk density, crystallinity, and purity increased with decreased crystal size and porosity when nanoparticles were treated by ultrasonic method. Morphology, purity, narrow particle size distribution, and nanoparticles with isomorphic geometry can be controlled with Ho +3 substitution by 15% of atomic weight when powder is produced by this novel method. This new technique provides an improved new method for narrowing particle size distribution, increasing density, and substitution limit of rare earth ions to hexaferrites.
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