Introduction: Infectious diseases are still a significant medical and social problem in the contemporary world. The most effective and at the same time the least expensive way to become protected against infectious diseases is vaccinations. Appropriate education of the society referring to the prevention of infectious diseases such as measles, diphtheria, or pertussis can contribute to changing the attitudes of many parents to mandatory and recommended vaccinations. Aim of the research: The analysis of the impact of the level of knowledge on making decisions about administering preventive vaccinations. Material and methods: The study included 370 participants (308 women and 62 men). They were students of Lublin universities and young parents living in the Lublin voivodeship. The research tool was an author-made questionnaire consisting of 20 closed questions. For the statistical analysis of research results the methods of descriptive statistics, the χc 2 test, and Cramer's V correlation coefficient were used. Results: As many as 98% of the respondents exhibiting a higher level of knowledge declared future regular vaccinations of their children in accordance with the official recommendations. Among people with a low level of knowledge, only 45% declared such regularity in their children's vaccination. As many as 62% of the respondents who lacked knowledge on vaccinations failed to have voluntary vaccinations administered. In comparison, among those with high level of knowledge, 50% never had recommended vaccinations administered. Conclusions: The level of knowledge has a significant impact on the decisions on administering preventive vaccinations in the studied population. Respondents who had a higher level of knowledge more frequently declared administering vaccinations regularly, both to themselves and their children. Streszczenie Wprowadzenie: Choroby zakaźne są nadal istotnym problemem zarówno medycznym, jak i społecznym we współczesnym świecie. Najskuteczniejszą i jednocześnie najtańszą metodą zabezpieczenia się przed chorobami zakaźnymi są szczepienia ochronne. Odpowiednia edukacja społeczeństwa w zakresie zapobiegania chorobom zakaźnym, takim jak odra, błonica, krztusiec, może się przyczynić do zmiany postawy wielu rodziców wobec szczepień obowiązkowych oraz zalecanych. Cel pracy: Analiza wpływu poziomu wiedzy na decyzje o wykonywaniu szczepień ochronnych. Materiał i metody: Badaniem objęto 370 osób (308 kobiet i 62 mężczyzn), studentów lubelskich uczelni oraz młodych rodziców zamieszkujących województwo lubelskie. Narzędziem badawczym była autorska ankieta wywiadu zawierająca 20 pytań zamkniętych. Do analizy statystycznej wyników badania zastosowano metody statystyki opisowej oraz test c 2 i współczynnik korelacji V Cramera.

This review of available literature aims to present models of co-operation between the patient and the doctor, the consequences of employing these models, and the ways of building relationships. In order to ensure a comprehensive view of this issue and trace the dynamics of changes in this area, we decided to review the relevant literature published since the 1950s. The databases we queried contained academic opinion papers, reports of empirical studies, and publications in psychology of health. Used databases: Academic Search Complete, eBook Academic Collection, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, MEDLINE, PsycARTICLES, and PsycINFO. The analysis focused on the association between the models of patient-doctor relationship and adherence to treatment (adherence or compliance; adherence to treatment). The paper contains descriptions of how models have changed, followed by a detailed characterisation of the paternalistic and partnership-based approaches, also with regard to possible effects on the patient's willingness to adhere to medical instructions. StreszczenieCelem niniejszego przeglądu dostępnej literatury jest przedstawienie modeli współpracy między pacjentem i lekarzem, konsekwencji ich stosowania i sposobów budowania relacji. W celu jak najszerszego spojrzenia na zagadnienie i uwidocznienia dynamiki zmian tego obszaru zdecydowano się na przegląd literatury od lat 50. ubiegłego wieku. Bazy, jakie przeszukiwano, zawierały zarówno poglądowe artykuły naukowe, badania empiryczne, jak i publikacje z zakresu psychologii zdrowia. Były to: Academic Search Complite, eBook Academic Collection, Health Source Nurcing/Academin Edition, MEDLINE, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO. Podczas analizy skupiono się na związku modelu relacji lekarza i pacjenta z realizacją zaleceń lekarskich (adherence or compliance; adherence to treatment). W niniejszej pracy można znaleźć opis kształtowania się modeli relacji lekarza i pacjenta w ciągu ostatnich 60 lat. Następnie szczegółowo scharakteryzowane są podejścia paternalistyczne i partnerskie z uwzględnieniem możliwego wpływu na chęć realizowania zaleceń lekarskich przez pacjenta. Psychology in a health contextThe biomedical model is now being extended to include behavioural, social, and psychological paradigms [1]. In this way, health can be construed holistically, and the individual can be viewed as an element of multiple systems that form a hierarchy among themselves and remain in a state of dynamic balance owing to the flow of information [2].Contemporary conceptualisations of the health sciences are not limited to a patient's somatic sphere. The biological realm is increasingly being expanded to include the mental realm. Overall, the health sciences, through the influence of psychology, have been enriched by evidence-based theoretical concepts and the possibility of practical application of psychological knowledge, as in the development of models of health [3]. With regard to health issues, this change is reflected in studies of pro-health behaviours and their structure, and ...