Mortality from BPD has improved over the past three decades despite significant trends toward more pronounced prematurity and lower birth weights.

Purpose: Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare disorder of mucociliary clearance leading to recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infections. PCD is difficult to clinically distinguish from other entities leading to recurrent oto-sino-pulmonary infections, including primary immunodeficiency (PID). Nasal nitric oxide (nNO) is a sensitive and specific diagnostic test for PCD, but it has not been thoroughly examined in PID. Past publications have suggested an overlap in nNO levels among subjects with PCD and PID. We sought to determine if nNO measurements among patients diagnosed with PID would fall significantly above the established PCD diagnostic cutoff value of 77 nL/min. Methods: Children >5 years old and adults with definitive PID or PCD diagnoses were recruited from outpatient subspecialty clinics. Participants underwent nNO testing by standardized protocol using a chemiluminiescence analyzer and completed a questionnaire concerning their chronic otosino-pulmonary symptoms, including key clinical criteria specific to diagnosed PCD (neonatal *

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Children with chronic neurologic and chest wall diseases are at increased risk of postoperative respiratory complications. These complications include acute respiratory failure, atelectasis, pneumonia, need for reintubation, and need for tracheostomy and can carry significant negative impacts on patient outcomes, including mortality, and increased healthcare resource utilization. 1 As such, careful examination of risk factors in these complex children should be initiated in order to plan appropriate preoperative and postoperative interventions that help mitigate postoperative respiratory complications. Such interventions may preoperatively include initiation of respiratory support devices such as non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and airway clearance techniques and/or a plan