In this research, the natural bentonite clay (from Maghnia, western Algeria) was purified (Na +montmorillonite, CEC = 91 meq/100 g), noted (puri.bent) and modified with mixed hydroxy-Fe-Al (FeAl-PILC). The purified bentonite clay and FeAl-PILC were heated at 383 K for 2 hr and characterized by the chemical analyses data, XRD, and N 2 adsorption to 77 K techniques. Puri.bent and FeAl-PILC were applied to fix the organic matter (OM) present in urban wastewater from the city of Sidi Bel-Abbes (western Algeria). The adsorption of organic matter was followed by spectrophotometry at 470 nm, and the adsorption data were a good fit with Freundlich isotherm for puri.bent but for FeA-lPILC, were well fit by Elovitch isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity (q m) was 571.6 mg/g for puri.bent and 1120.69 mg/g for FeAl-PLC. The degree of OM removal was 67% for puri.bent and 97% for FeAl-PILC. FeAl-PILC can be considered as a promising adsorbent for the removal of OM from wastewater.

The studies are conducted in laboratory to determine the adsorption-desorption behavior of BTX (benzene, toluene and o-xylene) in gas phase on Fe, Fe-Al pillared clays adsorbents. In experimental conditions of constant atmospheric pressure, initial concentrations with an increasing volume (0.5 -2 ml) injected benzene (2.25), toluene (1.89) and o-xylene (1.66) μmol/L at T (40˚C, 60˚C and 80˚C), and the adsorption increases with increase of temperature, indicating that the adsorption process would be a chemical adsorption rather than physical one. The results are shown that the BTX adsorption data fitted very well (R 2 > 0.

In the present paper, the wet peroxide oxidation of toluene to benzaldehyde, which is great industrially important, is studied on solid catalyst. The catalyst (Fel  −Al) pillared bentonite (Fe−Al/B) is successfully prepared by cation exchanging of purified bentonite (B) with mixed hydroxyl-(Al-Fe) pillaring solution made from hydrolysis of corresponding metal salts with OH/M 3+ =2.5 (M=Al 3+ , Fe 3+), followed by calcination at 500°C to convert hydroxyl-Al and hydroxyl-Fe into intercalated polycations. Characterization studies are performed by use of chemical composition, XRD, SEM, TEM and analysis of N 2 adsorption/desorption. The basal spacing (d 001) and specific surface area of samples increased from 15.3 Å and 91.57cm 2 /g in the B to 19.4 Å and 229.75cm 2 /g in the Al−Fe/B. The Fe−Al/B clay catalyst has proved to be promising in toluene oxidation with H 2 O 2 , selectively forming benzaldehyde under the working conditions. The toluene conversion and the product distribution largely depended on the catalyst and oxidant concentrations and the nature of the solvent. Higher conversion of toluene and greater selectivity for benzaldehyde is obtained with acetinitrile solvent.