How to cite this article: Varte Z, Dutta TK, Roychoudhury P, Begum J and Chandra R (2014) Isolation, identification, characterization and antibiogram of Pasteurella multocida isolated from pigs in Mizoram with special reference to progressive atrophic rhinitis, Veterinary World 7(2): 95-99. Introductionfor induction of the experimental disease, development of improved diagnostics, development of effective Progressive atrophic rhinitis (PAR) is a widely therapeutic/ prophylactic pharmaceutical approaches prevalent, upper respiratory tract disease of swine and development of immunoprophylactic products for characterized by sneezing, snuffling, nasal discharge, effective control of the disease. epistaxis, growth retardation, reduction in feed There is paucity of information regarding PAR in utilization, degeneration and atrophy of the nasal pigs in India, particularly in North Eastern Region. turbinate bone leading to visible distortion and Therefore, the present study was conducted for shortening of the snout [1]. Moreover, it has been isolation and identification of P. multocida from nasal recognized as a contributor to debilitating and fatal cavities of pigs of Mizoram with or without clinical porcine pneumonia for at least 120 years and continues lesions of PAR followed by their detection, capsular to be sustained, unabated with high prevalence in typing and screening for toxA gene by PCR based different part of the world [2]. Toxigenic strains of P.assays. multocida (both capsular type A and D) alone, or pigs, 9 were showing respiratory distress as a suspected Amongst the livestock, pig is most important and case of atrophic rhinitis. Samples were collected from almost every family rears pig as backyard venture.local household pigs as well as from organized pig Since the pig rearing is an important sector in rural farms. economy in this region, a better understanding of PAR Detection of P. multocida by PCR assay: Each swab and its impact on animal husbandry and economy is was grown in Brain-Heart Infusion (BHI) broth essential. Studies on PAR should provide a foundation o overnight at 37 C. After incubation, 1 ml of bacterial suspension was centrifuged at 7084 g. The bacterial pellet was washed thrice with sterile normal saline solution (NSS) (0.85% w/v) and resuspended in 300 µl Materials and Methods:Four hundred nasal swabs sampled from pigs were collected from 6 different districts of Mizoram. Swabs were processed for detection and isolataion of P. multocida by PCR and traditional bacteriological assays. Isolates were subjected for multiplex PCR for capsular typing, detection of toxA gene and characterization by RAPD-PCR. Isolates were also tested for antimicrobial sensitivity profile by disc-diffusion method.Results: A total of 21 swabs were found to be positive by P. multocida species specific PCR (PM-PCR) with an amplicon of 460 bp, of which P. multocida could be isolated from 15 swabs (3.75%). All the isolates were grouped under capsular type A (n=9) and D (n=6) by multiplex PCR. All the isolates were ...

Limited information is available on shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in pigs and infants from Aizawl, Mizoram and North Eastern region of India. This cross sectional study was conducted on faecal samples from pigs and infants to detect and characterize of STEC and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). Serogrouping, molecular and phenotypic characterizations were done by standard molecular and cytotoxic assays. Out of 48 E. coli strains isolated from 320 diarrhoeic fecal samples of piglets, 44 belonged to 18 different serogroups, 3 (6.25%) were untypeable (UT) and 1(2.08%) was recorded as rough strain (R). Similarly, out of 17 E. coli strains isolated from 264 diarrhoeic fecal samples of infants, 16 belonged to O60 (94.1%) and 1(5.88%) was untypeable. Virulence genes (stx1, stx2, eaeA and hlyA) were detected by multiplex PCR assay. A total of 1260 E. coli were isolated from piglets (720) and infants (540) from 584 faecal samples. All together, 5.16% (65) E. coli isolates were found to be positive for at least one virulence gene (6.66% piglets and 3.15% infants). Out of the virulent gene positive E. coli 3.17% (32 from piglets and eight from infants) and 1.98% (16 from piglets and nine from infants) were recorded as STEC and EPEC, respectively. On the other hand, from the total 2.14% stx 2 positive isolates, 16 and 11 were positive for stx 2e and stx 2c subtypes, respectively. Similarly, from the 4.04% eaeA positive isolates, 1.19% (15) were positive for bfpA gene, of which 1.67% (12) were piglets and 0.60% (3) were infants. All the isolates were exhibited varying degree of CPE on vero cell lines. In conclusion, STEC and EPEC seem to be associated with diarrhoea in piglets and infants in Mizoram. In piglets STEC strains represent as a major cause of diarrhoea while EPEC strains represent as major cause of diarrhoea in infants in North Eastern region of the India.