Human embryonic kidney cells are the host of adenovirus type-5 (Ad5) amplification. An Ad5-vector-based COVID-19 vaccine has been proven to be tolerated and immunogenic in healthy adults. Therefore, a rationally designed scaffold for culturing human embryonic kidney cells is useful for further studying its mechanism of action. Herein, a three-dimensional layered reticulated polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold coated with poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCEC) was developed to proliferate human embryonic kidney cells and to be used to amplify the Ad5 vector. The results indicate that PCEC improves the hydrophilicity and the cell culture ability of PCL cell culture scaffolds, resulting in a three times higher cell proliferation ratio of human embryonic kidney cells compared with those grown on bare PCL cell culture scaffolds. Meanwhile, the cytotoxicity test results showed that the scaffold material is noncytotoxic. This work provides an effective and scalable method for the in-depth study of adenoviruses.

Dynamically Installed Anchors (DIAs) refer to anchors which can embed themselves by free-fall from a specified height above the seabed. They have been widely regarded as the most promising deepwater anchor concept in terms of several advantages over other anchors. First, it is economical because of ease fabrication, quick installation, and no requirement from external source of energy. Second, the installation cost is less depend on the water depth. Finally, the holding capacity is less sensitive to the soil undrained shear strength profile since higher seabed soil shear strength permit less penetration depths and vice versa. However, a degree of uncertainty still exists in relation to predicting the embedment depth and subsequent pull-out capacity especially the inclined pull-out capacity.The pull-out capacity of DIAs can be dominated by the vertical or horizontal failure mechanisms or a combination of the two. When the combination controls, the DIAs are referred to as being under the inclined pull-out failure. This paper focuses on the inclined pull-out failure of DIAs. A series of finite element analysis on pull-out resistance of DIAs in normally consolidated clay was carried out. First, the numerical results were validated through experimental results and analytical empirical results. A proper method to model the inclined pull-out of DIA is illustrated. Then, a methodology for evaluating the inclined pull-out capacity of DIA is proposed based on the numerical parametric study. This method is capable of predicting pull-out capacity of DIA for various embedment depths and DIA aspect ratios. Finally, the design procedure for DIA is proposed.