The decline of the Roman rule caused significant political instability and led to the emergence of various 'Barbarian' powers. While the names of the involved groups appeared in written sources, it is largely unknown how these changes affected the daily lives of the people during the 5 th century AD. Did late Roman traditions persist, did new customs emerge, and did both amalgamate into new cultural expressions? A prime area to investigate these population and settlement historical changes is the Carpathian Basin (Hungary). Particularly, we studied archaeological and anthropological evidence, as well as radiogenic and stable isotope ratios of strontium, carbon, and nitrogen of human remains from 96 graves at the cemetery of Mö zs-Icsei dűlő. Integrated data analysis suggests that most members of the founder generation at the site exhibited burial practises of late Antique traditions, even though they were heterogeneous regarding their places of origin and dietary habits. Furthermore, the isotope data disclosed a nonlocal group of people with similar dietary habits. According to the archaeological evidence, they joined the community a few decades after the founder generation and followed mainly foreign traditions with artificial skull modification as their most prominent characteristic. Moreover, individuals with modified skulls and late Antique grave attributes attest to deliberate cultural amalgamation, whereas burials of largely different isotope ratios underline the recipient habitus of the community. The integration of archaeological and bioarchaeological information at the individual level discloses the complex coalescence of people and traditions during the 5 th century.
Abstract:The aim of this study is to investigate the transition between Hunnic and Gepidic period on the basis of female burials in the Middle Danube Region. The analysis of burial practices, female dress accessories and artificial skull deformation prove that there was a continuous cultural transformation during the 5 th century, not a radical change. The power structure changed in the middle of the century but it didn't cause the disappearance of the phenomena which formed from the beginning of the century. The new female representation that emerged after the end of Roman rule in the Carpathian basin can be widely observed from a geographical as well as from a social point of view. genannten Problem vor allem von der Beobachtung des Ritus, der Totenkleidung, einzelnen Gegenstandstypen und den physischen anthropologischen Charakteristiken her an, was innerhalb des Fragenkreises der -in der Archäolo-gie vorwiegend im Sinne der Bevölkerungs-, Siedlungs-und kulturellen Kontinuität erforschten -Kontinuität ein schmales, aber wegen des Reichtums an Grabbeigaben gut erforschbares Segment ist.Von der historischen Periodisierung der Völkerwanderungszeit im Karpatenbecken her gesehen ist es ein Spezifikum des Beginns der Gepidenzeit, dass in diesem Fall die Epochengrenze nicht mit Migration, nicht mit einer neu eingewanderten Bevölkerung zu verbinden ist -wie bei der Bestimmung der Hunnen-, Langobarden-, Awaren-oder ungarischen Landnahmezeit -, sondern mit einem Wechsel der politischen und Machtsituation: 454, nach der Hunnenherrschaft wurde der König eines der wichtigsten früheren Hilfsvölker zum Herrscher in den zentralen hunnischen Gebieten. Die in der Studie gestellte Frage kann demnach auch so formuliert werden, ob die Umorganisierung der Machtstruktur mit kultureller Diskontinuität verbunden war.3 Jaroslav Tejral kam in einer 2012 erschienenen Studie über die Untersuchung der typischen Bestattungsformen, Einzelgräber und kleinen Grabgruppen des 5. Jahrhunderts zu der Folgerung, dass für die Osthälfte des Karpatenbeckens nach der Hunnenzeit eine fortwährende Umgestaltung typisch war -anders als in den westlichen, pannonischen und nördlich der Donau gelegenen Gebieten, wo das Erscheinen der Langobarden einen definitiven Bruch in der Siedlungsstruktur und Gräberfeldnutzung verursachte.4 "The striking uniformity of the archaeological record from burial sites in the broad zone from the Middle Danube to the Balkans confirms the existence of a fairly homogeneous cultural circle on the middle and probably lower Danube, which developed parallel to the proto-and Early Merovingian culture in the West and, despite mutual influences and some common features, retained its individual characters. This culture is genetically linked with the later material culture of the so-called Gepidian large cemeteries in the Great Alföld…" 5 Diese Frage kann auch anhand der Charakteristiken der frühen Gräber in den Reihengräberfeldern im Theißgebiet untersucht werden, die in der zweiten Hälfte des 5. Jahrhunderts einsetzten, indem man sie mit ...
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