New Gammaproteobacteria were isolated from 3rd stage fly larvae of the parasitic fly Wohlfahrtia magnifica. Phylogenetic analysis of the new isolates showed that these bacteria belong to a distinct lineage close to Ignatzschineria larvae, which was originally isolated from the same species of fly. The low similarity values in 16S rRNA gene sequences (93.8-94.8 %), and differences in fatty acid profiles, RiboPrint patterns, MALDI-TOF mass spectra of cell extracts, and physiological and biochemical characteristics differentiate the isolates from the type strain of Ignatzschineria larvae (DSM 13226 T ), and indicate that our isolates represent a new genus within the Gammaproteobacteria. The major isoprenoid quinone of the strains is Q8, the major fatty acids are C 18 : 1 and C 14 : 0 , and the predominant polar lipids are phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine. The G+C content of the DNA of the type strain is 44.3 mol%. The name Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed for this novel genus and species. The type strain is S5 T (5DSM 18708Myiasis is an infestation of vertebrate animals with dipterous larvae. The obligate parasitic fly Wohlfahrtia magnifica develops only in live vertebrates and is a serious pest of livestock of Eastern Europe, the Mediterranean and Middle Asia (Nedelchev, 1988;Ruiz-Martinez et al., 1991;Hall & Wall, 1995;Farkas et al., 1997;Tó th et al., 1998 (Homonnay, 2006). The aim of the present work was to determine the taxonomic position of strains S5T and E43 and characterize them by using a polyphasic approach. Strain S5T was isolated from the homogenate of 3rd stage larvae of Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), collected from a primary laboratory culture of the fly. Three larvae were taken out of the cultivation medium, washed three times in sterile distilled water and homogenized in a sterile glass mortar. Strain E43 was isolated from the aseptically excised foregut of a 3rd stage maggot of Wohlfahrtia magnifica, collected from the infested vulval wound of a Romney breed sheep at Mezőfalva State Farm, Hungary (18 u 409 E, 46 u 509 N), in 2002. It was washed three times in sterile 0.025 M sodium phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.8) and the foregut was dissected under a preparatory microscope under aseptic conditions. Bacterial strains S5T and E43 were isolated and maintained on King B agar medium (King et al., 1954).Colony morphology of strains was tested on King B agar medium by direct observation of single colonies. Cell morphology and motility were studied in native preparations Abbreviations: PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PG, phosphatidylglycerol; PS, phosphatidylserine.The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain S5T is AM397063.A transmission electron micrograph, a dendrogram based on MALDI-TOF data and the polar lipid pattern of strain S5

A floc-forming, Gram-stain-negative, petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial strain, designated Buc T , was isolated from a petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated site in Hungary. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain Buc T formed a distinct phyletic lineage within the genus Zoogloea. Its closest relative was found to be Zoogloea caeni EMB43 T (97.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) followed by Zoogloea oryzae A-7 T (95.9 %), Zoogloea ramigera ATCC 19544 T (95.5 %) and Zoogloea resiniphila DhA-35 T (95.4 %). The level of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain Buc T and Z. caeni EMB43 T was 31.6 %. Cells of strain Buc T are facultatively aerobic, rod-shaped, and motile by means of a polar flagellum. The strain grew at temperatures of 5-35 6C (optimum 25-28 6C), and at pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum 6.5-7.5). The predominant fatty acids were C 16 : 0 , C 10 : 0 3-OH, C 12 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C 16 : 1 v7c and/or iso-C 15 : 0 2-OH). The major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8) and the predominant polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. The genomic DNA G+C content was 63.2 mol%. On the basis of the chemotaxonomic, molecular and phenotypic data, isolate Buc T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Zoogloea, for which the name Zoogloea oleivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Buc T (5DSM 28387 T 5NCAIM B 02570 T ).

A Gram-positive, rod-shaped or coccoid, yellow-pigmented bacterial strain, D287T , was isolated from the water flea Daphnia cucullata (Crustacea: Cladocera) collected from Lake Balaton in Hungary. Phylogenetic analysis on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that the strain represented a distinct lineage within the cluster of the genera Nocardioides and Marmoricola. The following characteristics were consistent with the affiliation of strain D287 T to the genus Nocardioides: peptidoglycan based on LL-2,6-diaminopimelic acid, MK-8(H 4 ) as the major menaquinone, iso-C 16 : 0 as the predominant cellular fatty acid, the presence of phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol and a DNA G+C content of 69.9 mol%. Owing to characteristic differences in physiological traits and levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to its phylogenetically closest neighbours that were below 97 %, strain D287 T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioides daphniae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is D287 T (5DSM 18664 T 5CCM 7403 T ).

Three alkaliphilic and moderately halophilic strains designated K1-5 T , K1-10 and B1-1, characterized by optimal growth at pH 9.0-10.0 and at 3-7 % (w/v) NaCl, were isolated from extremely shallow, alkaline soda lakes located in Hungary. Cells of the strains are Gram-positive, straight rods and form a central to subterminal, ellipsoidal endospore. The isolates are strictly aerobic, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative and contain a peptidoglycan of type A1c based on meso-diaminopimelic acid. In strain K1-5 T , menaquinone-7 (MK-7) is the predominant isoprenoid quinone and anteiso-C 15 : 0 is the major cellular fatty acid. The DNA G+C content of strain K1-5 T is 42.9 mol%. 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis revealed that the strains exhibit levels of sequence similarity of less than 95.8 % to known Bacillus species. According to the polyphasic characterization, the strains represent a novel species, for which the name Bacillus aurantiacus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is K1-5 T (5DSM 18675 T 5CCM 7447 T 5NCAIM B002265 T ).

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