This work is devoted to modeling, analysis and simulation of a small-scale stand-alone wind/PV hybrid power generation system. Wind turbine is modelled and many parameters are taken into account, such as pitch angle, rotor diameter, wind speed, etc. The PV module is then modelled under nominal conditions such as cell temperature, solar radiation, etc. A MATLAB computer programs is developed to solve the mathematical model for small scale horizontal axis wind turbine and PV system. The experimental study has been conducted using a small scale wind turbine based on 500 W permanent magnet synchronous generator. A PV panel used has 36 monocrystalline silicon cells connected together in series having the ability to generate 50 W of rated power. Results show that the load consumes power from both systems but there is an excess and lack of power supply in some operating conditions, such as variation of solar radiation and wind speed.

Solar heating is known as one of the cleanest and cost-effective technologies that inherently reduces cost of energy and dependency on imported fuels while being applied and used in commercial and product applications in the industry. The modus operandi of this study introduces a procedure that was coined as "Two Colored Rainbow" which is used to represent two different applications using by solar tracer, rather than the direct application of solar thermal system. Two rainbow system traps the heat from the sun (solar radiation) and transfer the heat to water or to air for use as thermal energy by the aid of solar panels that the system is coupled with solar tracer. The vacuum tube and flat type collectors were used as an experimental portion of this study while the effective utilization of solar energy on a daily basis has been identified by the algorithm that has been developed in C# to determine how many percentage of an hotel's energy in Istanbul which serves up to five hundred guest capacity need could be compensated by providing optimum size and quantity of solar collectors.

In the solar energy application, there are several obstacles during the design of projects. The investors are still enforcing with deliberately carrying out the right and feasible project decision. In this point simulation techniques have been emerging their indispensable importance. Thereby the simulation can be used as an adaptive purpose not only during the design process of a plant but also for the existing plants efficacy while determining operational condition of solar system on a daily basis by probabilistic methods due to random characteristics of the meteorological data. This study mainly consists two parts. The first part of this study overarches the review of existing software tools and models which are reachable at the preparation time of this study. Then the reviewed software tools and models were classified briefly in the figures. The second part of the study outlines the developed new code in C# computer programming language for the solar calculations. The results which were obtained framed the developed code, were evaluated with the convenient existing software tools and models for assessment of their correlation and also the results were demonstrated with graphs for their utilization. Consequently the software systems were enlightened that are mostly used in scientific projects including solar software simulation packages and modeling background together with comparison of separate or combined PV software programs by their field of application which would bolster further research studies.

Photovoltaics (PV) is becoming a mainstream electricity provider and the need for PV cells will spike compared to current demand. Solar power is based on obtaining electricity from solar radiation by using either photovoltaic cells or concentrated solar power (CSP). Both systems have different requirement to the area and advantages. However, there are several common disadvantages, which are related to the initial cost and regulatory issues that prevent investors from starting up such projects. Based on these premises the utilization of the solar power was examined in this study by highlighting the world's sustainable energy potential and investment statistics. Therefore research analysis related to the solar energy potential is presented as well. Although, the sustainable energy is the future of the world and requires slightly less amount of expense after installation, compared to conventional energy sources, the installation costs are the predominant factor of the utilization of the sustainable energy technologies. Furthermore, this study makes an overview of the world's solar power capacity today and makes prediction for the future. This study presents comprehensive market data together with forecasts for the short-run, while the role of PV is discussed considering the demand of energy.

The sun radiation is the largest renewable energy source on the planet which can be used in technology by means of thermal, photovoltaic and concentrated solar power systems. In this study, two types of solar collectors, called the "Two Colored Rainbow System", were used as a source for water heating at the Faculty of Science and Letters, at Istanbul Technical University. The performance of solar water heating system was experimentally investigated. In the experimental study, the temperature of hot water storage tank versus time of the day was investigated. The average daily solar radiation at a location is often sufficient for a basic system analysis. The radiation of sun varies according to the location, date, time and conditions of climate. The change of sun radiation was computed using a determined set of parameters. This study was aimed to offer optimization of design parameters taking into account possible interferences during the operation of the system. Additionally, hourly solar radiation on tilted surfaces is measured in Istanbul. Data of solar radiation intensity were also collected using a standard solarimeter (pyrometer) via a data logger.