The hemagglutination inhibition test (HI) and an indirect ELISA were used to detect antibodies against Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and M. synoviae (MS) in 102 commercial layer hens from Chincha Province, lea Department, Peru. The HI test detected MG antibodies in 20% ofthe layers tested, whereas ELISA detectedits presence in 52%. The frequency of MS reactors detected by HI was 5% compared to 95% for ELISA. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was set upas a reference test to estimate the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative prediction values for the HI and ELISA serological tests. The ELISA test was found to be more sensitive for detection of antibodies to MG (67%) and MS (97%) than the HI test which detected low levels ofMG (12%) and MS (5.3%). The specificity recorded for ELISA was 68% to MG and 25% to MS, while the figures for HI were 70.4% and 100%. The Kappa Index test demonstrates that HI and ELISA produce conflicting results for the diagnosis ofMG and MS, and the McNemar test shows that HI can not reliably replace ELISA in this task. Key words: Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae, ELISA, HI, PCR, sensibility and specificity. La prueba serológica de Inhibición de la Hemaglutinación (HI) y una prueba indirecta de Inmunoensayo con Enzimas Asociadas (ELISA) fueron usadas para la detección de anticuerpos contra Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) y Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) en 102 gallinas de postura comercial, no vacunadas contra MG y MS, de la provincia de Chincha Departamento de lea. La prueba de HI detectó anticuerpos contra MG en 20% de las aves, mientras que la prueba de ELISA detectó un 52%. Las reactoras a MS fueron de 5 y 95% para HI y ELISA, respectivamente. La Prueba de la reacción en cadena por la polhnerasa (PCR) fue usada como prueba de referencia para la evaluación de sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo, y valor predictivo negativo de HI y ELISA. La prueba de ELISA fue más sensible para la detección de anticuerpos contra MG (67%) y MS (97%) que la prueba de HI para MG (12%) y para MS (5.3%). La especificidad de la prueba de ELISA para MG y MS fue de 68% y 25% y para HI de 70.4%1 Práctica privada.
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