Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) typhoid emerged in Hyderabad, Pakistan in 2016. It spread regionally and globally due to fast travelling. An immuno-competent young male referred by general practitioner, was diagnosed and managed as XDR salmonella typhi with multiple splenic abscesses. We faced challenges in its management, like little suspicion of potentially lethal disease; non-availability of evidence-based medicine and further delay in diagnosis as he was already on antibiotics therapy. Patient was diagnosed by radiology and blood cultures. In our case, option of conservative treatment with sensitive antibiotics (azithromycin and meropenem) was successful, though with increased hospital stay. There is no data on treatment duration and choice between two sensitive antibiotics or both in combination. In the present situation, sensitisation of clinicians to salmonella drug resistance, rational use of antibiotics and prompt public health awareness is the need of the day, especially in endemic areas.

Background: Adolescent obesity is a worldwide threatening health challenge. Current study was designed to assess the obesity and overweight occurrence in adolescent age groups of 12-18 years pertaining to high and low income groups of the city of Quetta Pakistan. Methods and Results: A total of 2000 school children were investigated and classified into 1088 High Income Category (HIC) and 912 Low Income Category (LIC). Obesity and overweight were reviewed by using Body Mass Index (BMI) and Triceps Skin Fold Thickness (TSFT) specifying age and sex values for adolescents. By using BMI as the core value, occurrence of obesity and overweight remained as 1.3% to 0.5% in LIC respectively. And in HIC the obesity and overweight percentile remained 3.3% and 1.5% respectively (p<0001). While using TSFT criteria, the obesity and overweight occurrence in LIC was 0.4% and 0.4% and in HIC the obesity and overweight assessments were 1.4% and 0.7% respectively (p˂0001). Current study presented that obesity and overweight occurrence found higher in HIC compared to LIC adolescent age groups. This Khosa et al.; JAMMR, 31(5): 1-5, 2019; Article no.JAMMR.52906 2 emphasizing the possibilities based on modified pattern of dietary habits and physical activities with mount in income height. Conclusions: Socioeconomic condition matters in pattern of obesity and overweight amongst adolescent. Original Research Article

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Objective: The use of internet is unavoidable in daily life. The young individuals are more prone to this condition. Beside many good benefits certain hazards are indicative richly observed in adolescent. The addiction test for internet usage is largely popular by using Internet Addiction Test IAT globally. This study is designed to assess and explore the internet addiction among Pakistani adolescents.   Methods: 300 medical students of Bolan University of Medical and Health Sciences aged from 18-25 years randomly selected for this study. Data collected based on scoring Internet Addiction Test 20 questionnaire. Factor categorization with Internet addiction assessment measured and analyzed according to age groups and gender specification.  Results: The study results explored the addiction level of students. No sign of addiction seen in 32.33% (n=97) of students. Low and moderate level of addiction found in 46% (n=138) students and sever form of internet addiction seen in 21.66% (n=65) of medical students. Conclusion: On the outcomes of current study, the measures should be seen for social and emotional behaviors and positive time given to internet use. Selected prevention measures should be planned for adolescent based on internet addiction.

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