It requires spatial planning is suitable for the direction of land use. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of existing land use with regional spatial planning, and determine the course of spatial use control. The research using a comparative quantitative method and for making land units using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Land units were produced from overlapping between the administration map, land use map (existing), and map of spatial plans. Three categories were made consists of suitable, unsuitable, and not implemented yet. The results of the research showed that existing land use in Sidenreng Rappang regency consists of nine types, namely paddy fields, plantations, settlements, swamps, shrubs, moor, forests, lake, and mixed gardens. Analysis of land use suitable with the regional spatial planning covers 123,882 ha (63.57%), 66,033 ha (33.88%) unsuitable, and 4,952 ha (2.54%) has not been implemented yet. The direction for controlling the use of the land is applying four control instruments, both those that have been implemented and those that have not been achieved so far, namely licensing, zoning regulations, granting incentives and disincentives, and imposing sanctions. Land use directives in Sidenreng Rappang Regency are well implemented (66.11 %) but require instructions that have not been achieved with a spatial regulation (33.88%).

Abstract:A study was carried out to assess environmental indicators and to investigate the role of soil mineralogy on the topolithosequence with a particular reference to soil development in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Soil profiles were selected based on the differences in altitude, slope gradient, and rock unit. The soil profiles can be respectively described as follows: P1 (140 meters above sea level, 20%, breksi and lava); P2 (60 meters above sea level, 15%, sedimentary rock); P3 (20 meters above sea level, 3%, alluvium sediment), and P4 (5 meters above sea level, 0%, alluvium sediment). In the identification of sand fraction mineral for each profile, minerals such as Garnet, Apatite, Olivine, Hornblende, Biotite, Feldspar, Muscovite, Quartz, Hematite, and Pyrite were found. The quartz mineral can be used as a topolithosequence indicators regarding soil development and its vulnerability against pedo-transfer functions. According to soil development, the profiles can be arranged as follow: P4 > P3 >P2 > P1. The X-ray diffractogram analysis of soil profiles indicates that the diffractogram peaks are 3.2; 3.4; 3.56; 9.9; 12.4; 14.5; 15.4; 16.8; and 17.7A o which are identified as montmorillonite clay mineral, and the diffractogram peaks 7.2 and 10.1A o are halloysite. Meanwhile, the diffractogram peaks 3.58, 3.59, and 7.15 A o are identified as kaolinite. Each soil profile with its diffractogram peak signifies that all profiles have clay mineral montmorillonite, halloysite, and kaolinite, except for soil profile P1 only which has montmorillonite, and halloysite. Therefore, it could be concluded that P1 has experienced longer weathering than P2, P3, and P4, although it never leads to a soil development. The overall results of both sand fraction minerals and clay minerals signify that the soil development rate of each profile corresponds to altitude and slope. This eventually indicates that the weathering is transported in its lateral translocation nature, and reveals different types and levels of environmental indicators related to soil development.

The primary aimed of this study is to carry out land zoning of Arabica coffee area based on the characteristics of organoleptic sensory attributes with the optimal taste of coffee wine at different levels of altitudes. The study was conducted on the hillsides of Mount Bawakaraeng Lompobattang, South Sulawesi Province which has Arabica coffee plants at different altitudes, namely, 1000-1200 m.asl (A), 1200-1400 m.asl (B), 1400-1600 m.asl (C), and 1600-1800 m.asl (D). Quality tests of coffee beans and organoleptic sensory attribute taste tests were carried out including fragrance or aroma, flavor, aftertaste, acidity, body, uniformity, balance, clean cup, sweetness, overall, and taint or defect. The results of the study showed that the coffee beans were classified as quality 1 with large bean size; while the characteristics of uniformity, clean cup, and sweetness are the basic or essential characteristics of the coffee beans tested in this study because they showed the highest score of 10 and this score is consistent for all levels of altitudes. The results of compiling organoleptic sensory attribute data and satellite imagery analysis were used for mapping potential coffee fields with Specialty Grade, covering area of 20,025.54 ha or equal to 2.00% of the research area of 1,011,693 ha. In addition, coffee land zones can also be mapped with the level of coffee wine taste based on the distribution pattern of dominant organoleptic sensory attributes at different altitude. The order of the optimal level of coffee wine taste can be written as the land zoning, as follows: D > B > C > A. The land zoning D covers an area of 3,351.60 ha; B 5,738.53 ha; C 4,381.27 ha; and A 3,552.10 ha. Overall, it can be concluded that the taste of wine coffee tends to be better or optimal as the level of altitude increases.

The protection of agricultural land is very important to be studied scientifically considering the rapid growth of the population so that the possibility of land use conflict is very high. The main purpose of this research is to identify and inventory agricultural land of food especially existing rice-paddy fields to find zonasi agricultural land for sustainable foodcrops (ALSF) and agricultural reserved land for sustainable foodcrops (ARLSF)) with the level of threat from the transfer function in Gowa Regency area of hinterland Mamminasata, South Sulawesi. This study used a multiple criteria decision making approach with purpose mapping function of ALSF and ARLSF. The generic attributes, from: the biophysical aspects of the land (altitude, sizes of soil cracking, length of rice-field in slope landscape unit, proportion of paddy field area, top soil thickness), and socio-economic aspects (population density, population growth rate, demand for paddy field, productivity of paddy fields, equilibrium of paddy field), and policy aspects (local regulations status, detailed spatial plan status, type of irrigation networks). While the scenario of zonation of ALSF and ARLSF is used the criteria of distance from the provincial capital (Makassar) and the district capital (Sombaopu), the status of the rice-paddy field equilibrium and the trend pattern of percentage of space requirement.The results of the research shows that the existing position of paddy field is identified as ALSF and ARLSF zonation currently 24,210 Ha. The level of vulnerability of land conversion, which is in a "safe" position of 15,407 Ha (63.64%), and "threatened" of 8,803 Ha (36.36%). The prediction of productivity potential is related to the area of land that can be managed optimally in the vulnerable time up to the year 2020 covering 19,499 Ha (80.54%), and subsequently, by 2040 the area will shrink to only 10,173 Ha (42.02%).