OBJECTIVE:To evaluate antenatal care in reducing the vertical transmission of syphilis. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was designed to be representative of lowrisk pregnancies in women cared for at the Brazilian Unifi ed Health System (SUS) network in the city of Rio de Janeiro, from November 2007 to July 2008. Pregnant women diagnosed with syphilis were identifi ed through interviews, checking their antenatal care card and searching for reported cases in the public health information systems. Cases of congenital syphilis were sought at the disease reporting system (Sinam), the Mortality Information System (SIM) and the SUS's Hospital Information System (SIH). RESULTS:Syphilis was identifi ed in 46 of the pregnancies, and 16 cases of congenital syphilis were identifi ed, resulting in a prevalence of 1.9% (95%CI 1.3;2.6) of syphilis in pregnancy and an incidence of 6/1,000 (95%CI 3;12/1,000) of congenital syphilis. The vertical transmission rate was 34.8% with three cases resulting in death (1 abortion, 1 stillborn and 1 neonatal death) and high proportions of prematurity and low birth weight. The healthcare pathway of those women revealed fl aws in the care they received, such as late entry to antenatal care, syphilis remaining undiagnosed during pregnancy and lack of treatment for the partner. CONCLUSIONS:Innovative strategies are needed to improve the outcomes of syphilis in pregnancy, including improving the laboratory network, the quality of care delivered to the pregnant women and their sexual partners and, most important of all, investigating every case of congenital syphilis as a sentinel event in the quality of antenatal care.
Objetiva-se comparar a prevalência de cesariana e desfechos neonatais de dois modelos de atenção ao parto em hospitais privados brasileiros, utilizando-se dados do estudo Nascer no Brasil, coorte de base hospitalar realizada nos anos 2011/2012. Foram analisadas 1.664 puérperas e seus conceptos, atendidos em 13 hospitais localizados na Região Sudeste, divididos em “típico” – modelo de atenção padrão, e “atípico” – Hospital Amigo da Criança com equipes de plantão e trabalho colaborativo entre enfermeiras obstétricas e médicos na atenção ao parto. A classificação de Robson foi adotada para a comparação das prevalências de cesariana, que foram menores no hospital atípico (47,8% vs. 90,8%, p < 0,001). Desfechos positivos relativos ao aleitamento materno foram mais frequentes no hospital atípico. Eventos neonatais adversos não apresentaram diferença significativa entre os hospitais. A intervenção adotada no hospital atípico deve ser avaliada em profundidade, uma vez que parece ter reduzido a prevalência de cesariana e aumentado as boas práticas de cuidado neonatal.
Rev Bras Epidemiol 2013; 16(4): 953-65Access to and utilization of prenatal care services in the Unified Health System of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil AbstractPrenatal care consists of practices considered to be effective for the reduction of adverse perinatal outcomes. However, studies have demonstrated inequities in pregnant women's access to prenatal care, with worse outcomes among those with lower socioeconomic status. The objective of this study is to evaluate access to and utilization of prenatal services in the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS -Unified Health System) in the city of Rio de Janeiro and to verify its association with the characteristics of pregnant women and health services. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2007-2008, using interviews and the analysis of prenatal care cards of 2.353 pregnant women attending low risk prenatal care services of the SUS. A descriptive analysis of the reasons mentioned by women for the late start of prenatal care and hierarchical logistic regression for the identification of the factors associated with prenatal care use were performed. The absence of a diagnosis of pregnancy and poor access to services were the reasons most often reported for the late start of prenatal care. Earlier access was found among white pregnant women, who had a higher level of education, were primiparous and lived with a partner. The late start of prenatal care was the factor most associated with the inadequate number of consultations, also observed in pregnant adolescents. Black women had a lower level of adequacy of tests performed as well as a lower overall adequacy of prenatal care, considering the Programa de Humanização do Pré-Natal e Nascimento (PHPN -Prenatal and Delivery Humanization Program) recommendations. Strategies for the identification of pregnant women at a higher reproductive risk, reduction in organizational barriers to services and increase in access to family planning and early diagnosis of pregnancy should be prioritized. ResumoA assistência pré-natal é composta por práti-cas consideradas efetivas para a redução de desfechos perinatais negativos. Entretanto, estudos têm demonstrado iniquidades no acesso das gestantes aos cuidados pré-natais, com piores resultados para mulheres de menor nível socioeconômico. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o acesso e a utilização dos serviços de pré-natal na rede SUS do Município do Rio de Janeiro e verificar sua associação a características das gestantes e dos serviços de saúde. Foi realizado um estudo transversal, no período 2007-2008, por meio de entrevista e análise de cartões de pré-natal de 2.353 gestantes em atendimento em serviços de pré-natal de baixo risco do SUS. Foi feita análise descritiva das razões referidas pelas mulheres para início tardio do pré-natal e regressão logística hierarquizada para identificação dos fatores associados à utilização do pré-natal. A ausên-cia de diagnóstico da gravidez e dificuldades de acesso aos serviços foram as razões mais relatadas para o início tardio do pré-natal. Verifico...
Despite the existing resources for adequate dengue patient care in the Brazilian healthcare system, the case-fatality rate for the disease is still high in the country. In order to identify factors associated with dengue-related death, this study evaluated quality of care according to the degree of implementation of specific measures, the technical and scientific quality of care, and access to health services in two municipalities (counties) in Northeast Brazil. An evaluative study of the implementation analysis type was performed, with death from dengue as the sentinel event for quality of care. To assess the degree of implementation and quality of care, the study scored the interview criteria and patient chart analysis; access was evaluated by thematic analysis. As for structure and process, the health services were found to be partially adequate (70%). No geographic or economic barriers were found to explain the occurrence of deaths. Technical and scientific quality failed to achieve adequate levels in the municipalities (46% and 30%) or in the specific services, and clinical management of dengue by the health services proved insufficient.
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