BACKGROUND Around 4 million people are affected by peptic ulcer diseases worldwide annually. The incidence of around 1.5 % to 3 % has been estimated. Peptic ulcer perforation presents with an overall mortality of 10 %. The management is also associated with significant post-operative morbidity and mortality regardless of whether laparoscopic or open repair is performed. In this study, we wanted to find out the incidence of peptic ulcer perforation and its management. METHODS Our study was a prospective observational study conducted in post graduate Department of Surgery, Government Medical College Srinagar, from October 2018 to November 2020. All patients were evaluated properly with all baseline investigations followed by X-ray chest and abdomen and ultrasonography (USG). RESULTS In our study, 136 patients were diagnosed as cases of peptic ulcer perforation. The maximum number of patients were in age group of 41 - 50 years (27.20 %). The male : female ratio was 14.1 : 1. Abdominal pain was present in all patients as presenting symptom followed by abdominal distension. In this study, 124 patients (91.2 %) had perforation in first part of duodenum, 9 patients (6.6 %) had perforation in prepyloric region and 3 (2.2 %) patients had perforation in body of stomach. Graham’s Patch repair was done in 133 patients, 1 patient underwent primary closure, and 2 patients underwent distal gastrectomy with gastrojejunostomy. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that young people with perforated peptic ulcer have fewer coexisting medical illness, a lower complication rate and a more favorable outcome as compared to elderly patients with perforated peptic ulcer. A majority of such perforations are in 1st part of duodenum with male preponderance. A plain chest radiograph is sufficient to make diagnosis in the classic case of sudden onset epigastric pain. KEYWORDS Perforation Peritonitis, Management of Peptic Ulcer Perforation, Graham’s Repair, Clinical Presentation of Peptic Ulcer Perforation

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BACKGROUND The skin is the largest organ of our body with a complex function. Burn injuries result in damage to the skin by electrical, chemical, thermal or radiation energies or a combination of them, by far the most common being the thermal injuries. However, most burn injuries are preventable and hence need preventive strategies. Outcome is dependent on various factors. The focus of this study is to provide an overview of various factors and clinical presentation of burn injury and their correlation of these various factors with outcome of burn injury. METHODS A retrospective facility-based document review analytical study was conducted on 215 patients admitted in the emergency (burn ward) department of Government Medical College and Hospital, Srinagar, Kashmir from September 2019 to September 2020. RESULTS In our study, out of total 215 hospitalized burn patients, 101 (47 %) were female and 114 (53 %) were males. In 103 (47.9 %) patients, burn injury was caused by scald burn, kangri burn was present in 3 (1.4 %) patients; 207 (96.3 %) patients had accidental burns and 8 (3.7 %) patients had suicidal burn injuries; 181 (84.2 %) had received good pre-hospital intervention; 165 (76.7 %) patients were discharged without complications. Various parameters – degree of burn, cause of burn, nature of burn, nutritional status and antibiotic coverage show statistical significance with P-value < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS Kashmir is a valley surrounded by mountains, has cold weather for about threequarters of year. People here are more prone to burn injuries especially thermal injuries. Outcome of burn injuries is better for lesser degree of burns and mortality increases with severe degree of burns. Patients without complications, patients with good nutritional status at presentation and patients with proper antibiotic coverage had good outcome. KEYWORDS Burn Injury, Kangri, Outcome of Burn