1. Full-thickness rectal advancement flaps offer better results regarding the recurrence than mucosal or partial flaps. 2. All flaps cause some incontinence, which increases with the thickness of the flap. 3. The results did not suggest differences in recurrence and incontinence between core-out and curettage.

Hartmann's reversal was performed in a small percentage of patients, mostly including those with benign disease. It had a significant morbidity.

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The core-out technique causes a significant decrease in squeeze pressures, which reflects damage to the external anal sphincter. This could lead to incontinence in high-risk patients. Curettage is a simple technique that preserves the values of squeeze pressures without increasing recurrence rates.