Experimental data on the production of dry powders of immobilized biological products intended for cleaning the soil from pollution by oil and oil products are presented. The carbonization of biopolymers (starch, lignin) under the conditions of the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis process was chosen as the basic method for obtaining 2D carbon structures used as a substrate for immobilizing microorganisms-oil destructors. Microorganisms-oil destructors are selected from the accredited collection of the All-Russian Institute for Plant Protection. The obtained experimental samples of biological preparations have shown the promise of their use for eliminating the anthropogenic consequences of soil contamination with oil products.

Particles of multilayer graphene, obtained by the method of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, are proposed as an active component of the cathode for field electron emission. It is shown that this material allows realizing a new technology for creating efficient field emitters with a developed surface. It has been established that the effect of low-threshold field electron emission is observed on this material. In pulsed electric fields, the possibility of obtaining high-current electron beams with currents up to hundreds of amperes has been confirmed.

It has been experimentally established that samples of low-layer graphene, synthesized by carbonization of plant materials (lignin, cellulose, and spruce bark) under conditions of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, are effective sorbents for mycotoxin T-2 under conditions simulating the environment in the gastrointestinal tract of mammals, and are capable of irreversibly sorb at least 94.6% of mycotoxin with a sorption capacity of 1 mg of mycotoxins per 1 g of sorbent. Key words: few-layer graphene, self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, specific surface area, mycotoxin sorption.