Simple formulae for the components of the added-mass coefficient tensor of a sphere moving near a wall with variable velocity in an ideal fluid bounded by a solid surface are derived. The added mass is calculated numerically as a function of the dimensionless distance between the sphere and the wall for both perpendicular and parallel motions. The calculation is performed by the method of successive images. The velocity field is computed as the sum of the velocity fields of sequences of dipoles located along the axis. The obtained dependences of the added-mass tensor components are fitted by simple continuous functions with high accuracy.
A series of synthetic microporous analogues of the mineral nenadkevichite are prepared; Raman spectroscopy shows the isomorphous substitution of titanium for niobium in octahedral framework sites.
Almost all hitherto proposed empirical models used for characterization of shear viscosity of non-Newtonian liquids describe only its monotonous course. However, the onset of new materials is accompanied by more complicated characteristics of their behaviour including nonmonotonous course of shear viscosity. This feature is reflected not only in an existence of one extreme point (maximum or minimum), but also it can appear in both extreme points; that is, this shear viscosity initially exhibits shear thinning; after attaining a local minimum, it converts to shear thickening, and again after reaching a local maximum, it has a shear-thinning character. It is clear that, for an empirical description of this complex behaviour, a hitherto, used number of parameters (four, five) in classical monotonous models (such as Cross or Carreau-Yasuda) are no longer tenable. If more parameters are applied, there should be given an emphasis on a relatively simple algebraic form of the proposed models, unambiguity of the involved parameters, and their sound interpretation in the whole modelling. This contribution provides an overview of the existing empirical nonmonotonous models and proposes a new 10-parameter model including a demonstration of its flexibility using various experimental data.
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