The ability to eliminate any form of oxygen debt by transporting oxygen to organs and tissues, by dissolving it in body fluids, brings hyperbaric oxygenation to a new level of application in transplantology. The review discusses the pathophysiological aspects of hyperbaric oxygenation during ischemia and reinfusion, especially when used in transplantology, and also investigations on the use of hyperbaric oxygenation in model experiments and in clinical practice. Analysis of the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygenation therapy at various stages of the transplantation process (preconditioning, donation, organ storage, in the early and late post-transplant periods) allows us to conclude that this method should be more widely involved in transplantation practice.Authors declare no conflict of interest.

Radiation proctitis is a complication of radiation therapy used in the treatment of pelvic malignant tumors. The leading clinical symptom of this kind of late radiation complications is recurrent rectal bleeding, leading to the development of anemia. Despite the availability of modern drugs, conservative treatment methods remain ineffective, and minimally invasive endoscopic technologies are not applicable in all cases and can lead to the development of complications in the form of ulcers and fi stulas. About 20 years ago, the world scientifi c community recommended hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) as a method of treating late radiation damage to the rectum. However, this technique has not been widely used.  We have presented the experience of treating the successful use of HBO in the treatment of a 50-year-old patient with chronic radiation proctitis complicated by recurrent rectal bleeding. Conservative and endoscopic methods of treatment in this patient were ineffective. This clinical observation demonstrates that HBO is an effective method of treating rectal bleeding associated with radiation proctitis.

С увеличением популяции пациентов с трансплантированными органами пропорционально высоким стал риск развития онкологических заболеваний, которые становятся причиной не только низкого качества жизни, но и причиной высокой смертности пациентов с пересаженными органами. В обзоре рассмотрены факторы риска, частота и влияние на выживаемость злокачественных новообразований у пациентов с пересаженными органами. Быстрое развитие клинической трансплантологии, использование новых препаратов и схем иммуносупрессии ставят новые задачи перед онкологами и трансплантологами. Анализ частоты онкологической патологии у пациентов с пересаженными органами позволяет сделать вывод о ее влиянии на отдаленный жизненный прогноз и необходимости включения превентивных мер в трансплантационную практику.

No abstract