Structural modifications of the gastric tube transplant were studied during the delayed period after esophagoplasty carried out for benign diseases of the esophagus. Adaptive and pathological reactions manifesting in atrophic and sclerotic changes in the mucosa formed the basis for transplant reorganization. The leading morphological markers were degeneration and hypersecretion of the foveolar epithelium, focal atrophy of the fundal glands with foci of pyloric metaplasia, hypertrophy and fibrosis of the muscle plate, and stromal sclerosis. Abundant polymorphonuclear infiltration of the mucosa with lymphoid follicular hyperplasia were observed in H. pylori contamination of the gastric transplant.

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Esophagoplasty in cicatricial narrowing of the esophagus is made postburns 116 patients. Disease duration - from 1 month to 31 years. Subtotal shunt esophagocolonoplastik left half of the colon made 68, extirpation of the esophagus with a plastic colon 9, extirpation of the esophagus with a plastic stomach tube in 38 patients. Long-term results of surgical intervention were studied in all patients during the period from 1 month to 13 years. Study of long-term results and quality of life after esophagoplasty showed significant benefits extirpation of the esophagus with esophagogastroplasty before esophagocolonoplastik.

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Ultrastructural characteristics of cell populations in the gastric tube mucosa were studied after plastic surgery for benign esophageal disease. The foveolar epithelium mainly consisted of secretory active mucocytes with small changes in cytoplasmic organelles. Functionally immature parietal cells and gland cells in the epithelium of fundal glands were characterized by atrophy and degeneration. Ultrastructural features of the epithelial compartment attest to adaptive cellular hypersecretion of the mucoid against the background of impaired acid production and enzyme secretion. The stromal compartment was characterized by low pinocytotic activity of endothelial cells in blood vessels and polymorphism of smooth muscle cells. Hypertrophic leiomyocytes were shown to dominate in the population of these cells. Some cells had signs of biosynthesis and reduction of filaments. Single leiomyocytes were degenerated. The observed ultrastructural modification of epithelial and connective cells can be interpreted as structural adaptation of the gastric transplant.