An evaluation of the effectiveness of the method of computer tomography in 77 children with suspicion of tuberculosis of the intrathoracic lymph nodes and positive test with recombinant tuberculosis allergen (Diaskintest). Ultrasound diagnosis is conducted with 60 children with a negative test with recombinant tuberculosis allergen (Diaskintest), with indirect signs of increase of intrathoracic lymph nodes, left tracheobronchial region according to traditional radiographic studies (plain radiography, linear tomography). In the first group of the frequency change detection by computed tomography in a group of patients, where it was revealed the changes on the survey radiograph, was almost 2 times more than in the group of patients with normal radiograph. There is a high rate of detection of changes at computed tomography in children with normal x-ray picture according to the classical methods. These changes were regarded as possibly associated with an active tuberculous process and required additional evaluation of clinical and laboratory data physician TB. In 32% of cases, the changes revealed by traditional x-ray, computed tomography has not been confirmed. When conducting sonography in the second group in the left tracheobronchial region was visualized left lobe of the thymus in 100%. Specific changes in the lymph nodes and the pleura was not determined by ultrasound. Thus the thymus simulated increase in intrathoracic lymph nodes. In the evaluation of clinical and laboratory data physician TB specialist, diagnosis of tuberculosis in this group, was not confirmed.

The paper presents the results of a study aimed to check the assumption that there is disparity in interpretation of X-ray and ultrasound images of Ductus arteriosus in children supposed to have tuberculosis. In total the images of 230 children with ambiguous Mantoux tuberculin skin test and with calcification adjusted to aortic window described in terms of regular X-ray were investigated. It is stated that multispiral computer tomograms are usually falsely interpreted as presenting calcifications in cases when ultrasound scans reveal only tissue heterogeneity near former Ductus arteriousus.

Введение. На сегодняшний день известны результаты многочисленных исследований, описывающих ультразвуковые признаки нормального лимфатического узла, и изменения в его структуре, возникающие при неспецифических и специфических процессах, при малигнизации.До настоящего времени подозрение на туберкулез при лучевых исследованиях лимфатических узлов основывалось на обнаружении эхоплотных (кальци-нированных) структур в лимфатических узлах [1], либо на признаках деструктивного процесса в последних, появляющихся на поздней стации туберкулезного процесса (рис. 1, 2) [2]. Между тем, основная задача терапии при туберкулезе состоит в том, чтобы удержать стадию образования туберкулезной гранулемы и не допустить наступления крайне неблагоприятной ситуации -казеозного некроза с безудержным распространением туберкулезных палочек [3].