The authors describe a case of severe glaucoma in the only seeing eye of a patient with venous circulation disturbance resulting from a chronic anal fissure complicated with progressive anal stenosis, severe sphincter spasm, and pain syndrome. The article presents the results of multiple clinical ophthalmological tests and instrumental examinations performed before and after surgical intervention that evidence the importance of venous circulation disturbances for glaucoma development.

Uncontrolled administration and prolonged use of antihypertensive drugs with preservatives often leads not only to subjectively poor tolerance of treatment, but also to a deterioration in the results of subsequent surgery, if required. The manifestations of dry eye syndrome and its aggravation as a result of such drops use can lead the patients to refuse therapy and worsening the prognosis. The manifestations of dry syndrome are often detected before any hypotensive therapy begins, since the functions of secretory cells change with age and there is always the influence of adverse environmental factors. It is necessary to examine the condition of the anterior surface of the eye to resolve the issue of the need to prescribe drugs without preservatives for all patients before the appointment of antihypertensive therapy. However, sometimes it is not possible due to lack of time or equipment. Therefore, it is important to study the condition of the anterior eye surface in patients with newly diagnosed glaucoma before and during treatment with nonpreservative forms of antihypertensive drugs in order to determine the necessity of the first prescription of non-preservative forms of antihypertensive drops to further interpolate its results into practical recommendations. This study revealed that drug treatment of patients with newly diagnosed glaucoma with the drug Timolol-POS® β-blocker on a non-preservative basis along with IOP compensation improves both subjective and objective indicators of the condition of the anterior surface of the eye with maximum effect after 3 months of treatment. This conclusion suggests the importance of the primary appointment for such patients with instillation drops on a preservative basis.

Background Diabetic nephropaty (DN) occurs in approximately 40% of patients with diabetes mellitus, and is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease. The mechanisms of DN are not very clear more recently, but the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role. It has been known that rennin-angiotensin system blockers have a renal protective effect. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of the candesartan on functional renal tests in streptozotocin (STZ) induced DN in rats. Methods DM was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection (ip) injection of STZ (60 mg/kg). In order to develop DN the animals were left in diabetic condition during 4 weeks. The DM rats were randomly assigned to the two experimental groups (STZ and STZ+CAN). To estimate the symptoms and signs of DN, the STZ group of rats was left without treatment. For assessment of the effects of the AT1 antagonist, candesartan (CAN) (5 mg/kg/day) was administered from week 4 to week 12. Renal function was assessed by determination of serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test, 24-hour urine volume and urine albumin. Results The administration of STZ have caused diabetes mellitus (DM) with symptoms and signs of DN including poor general condition, body weight loss, as well as abnormalities of serum and urinary renal function tests. In STZ group of rats, these symptoms have been more distinctly 8 and 12 weeks after administration of STZ. Conclusion The candesartan treatment, although not completely but to a great extent ameliorates the functional renal disorder induced by STZ and may be used as a first line drug in preventing DN.

Thermography is the method of noninvasive registration of visible image of the own infrared radiation of the human body surface by special devices. The physiological basis of its application in medical diagnostics is the amplification of infrared radiation intensity from pathologic spots that is connected with the enhancement of blood supply and metabolism.Purpose. To study the possibilities of thermography for functional bleb status assessment, for early diagnostics of bleb scarring processes and for definition of needling indications.Patients and methods. There were executed 32 thermography (32 patients and eyes) of blebs in 7 days after minimally invasive sinustrabeculectomy. Authors used thermal imaging Тesto 875-2i with SuperResolution technology and telephoto lens 9°×7°. The bleb area and temperature were studied With IRSoft and Universal Desktop Ruler programs. Intraocular pressure (corneal compensated) (IOPcc) was measured with Ocular Response Analyzer®, ORA.Conclusion. The study has shown the direct correlation dependence between bleb functional activity and its thermographic characteristics (area and temperature).