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Based on scientific literature and own data, the article discusses the problem of hypertensive heart disease in real outpatient practice and especially in conducting preventive examinations in the working population. It is shown that the use of modern diagnostic methods, in particular electrocardiography with dopplerography, including pulse-wave tissue mode, should be an integral study included in the professional examination, as well as medical examination, which covers an increasing number of the population of our country. Echocardiography should be performed to clarify the cardiovascular risk and confirm the electrocardiographic diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), left atrial dilatation, or suspected heart diseases (coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, other rhythm disorders). It has been shown that concentric LVH is the strongest predictor of an increased risk of heart failure, although the degree of LVH is not always directly related to the degree of hypertension and the duration of the disease.