Oncologists nowadays are faced with big amount of heterogeneous medical data of diagnostic studies. Possible errors in determining the nature and extent of spread the tumor process will inevitably reduce the effectiveness of treatment and increase the unnecessary costs to it. To reduce the burden on clinicians, various computer-aided solutions based on machine learning algorithms are being developed. We made an attempt to evaluate effectiveness of thirteen machine learning algorithms in the tasks of classification of pathologic tissue samples in cancerous thorax based on gene expression levels. For a preliminary study we used open data set of molecular genetics composition of lung adenocarcinoma and pleural mesothelioma. Effectiveness of machine learning algorithms was evaluated by Matthews correlation coefficient and Area Under ROC Curve. Best results were showed by two methods: Bayesian logistic regression and Discriminative Multinomial Naive Bayes classifier. Nevertheless, all of the methods were effective at automatic discrimination of two types of cancer. That proves machine learning algorithms are applicable in lung cancer classification. In the future studies it will be carried out a similar analysis of the diagnostic value of methods for other malignancies with more complex differential morphological diagnosis. Similar methods can be applied to other diagnostic studies including computerized tomography image analysis in the differential diagnosis of lung nodules.

To our estimations annually breast cancer is registered in more than 2 million women in the world (1018% of all malignant tumors). According to the latest edition of the IARC “Cancer in 5 continents” (V. X, IARC Scientific Publication №164) the maximum standardized rate is recorded over 100 0/0000 in Belgium, Italy and France. The minimum standardized rate (less than 40 0/0000) is marked in Cuba, Turkey and Ukraine. Paying attention to the steady growth of primary cases of breast cancer in the world that are in the first place in the structure of cancer, one of the main tasks of cancer control becomes mass periodic examinations of healthy population to detect latent cancer in such stage when it can be cured completely. The purpose of the study is to investigate breast cancer epidemiology at the present stage and to develop an effective program for breast cancer secondary prevention. Materials and methods. In order to perform the study for the preventive realization there were selected the most suitable methods of mass screening of practically healthy women, modified software accumulation, collection and analysis of data, conducted pilot development on the basis of out-patient departments and the Oncology Center of the Moscow District of St. Petersburg.

Background Colon cancer (CC) one of the most common oncological disease in World. Up to 30% patients in Russia have metastatic CC at first visiting to oncologist. The treatment results still controversial. Nowadays, minimally invasive laparoscopic precision technique allowed extending the indication for cytoreductive surgery even in patients with severe comorbidities. Materials and methods 89 patients with colon cancer (T1-4a) and curable synchronous distant metastases include in study. All patients underwent cytoreductive surgery with primary tumor resection. In study group (44) we performed laparoscopic surgery, in main group (45) – open surgery procedure. The groups were similar by sex, age, tumor localization and histological structure, comorbidities. Results R0 resection performed 27% patients. The average number of lymph node removal was similar 13 and 12 respectively. Average operation time was significantly longer in study group 210 vs 120 min. In study group blood loss was lower: 300 mL vs 1200 mL. Postoperative patient recovery shorter after laparoscopic surgery (p < 0.05): time to activation 2.2 vs 3.9 days; time to first peristalsis – 1.8 vs 4.5 days; first bowel movement – 3.4 vs 4.8 days; first food taken – 2.9 vs 3.9 days. Shorter time of analgesics intake – 2.3 vs 4.4 days, p < 0.05. Hospital stay shorter: 9.3 vs 13.4 days, p = 0.05. Time to start chemotherapy reduced since 27.5 to 14.7 days, p < 0.05. Postoperative complications lower in study group: 6.8 vs 17.8%, p = 0.05. Kaplan–Meier 2-year overall survival were similar: 69.5% vs 61.6%, p = 0.96. Conclusion Laparoscopic cytoreductive surgery for metastatic CC is safe, minimized surgical trauma and speed up patient recovery.

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